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Sepiolite,〔(Sepiolite: mindat.org )〕 also known as ''meerschaum'' ( or , German for ''foam of the sea'') is a soft white clay mineral, often used to make tobacco pipes (known as meerschaum pipes). A complex magnesium silicate, a typical chemical formula for which is Mg4Si6O15(OH)2·6H2O, it can be present in fibrous, fine-particulate, and solid forms. Originally named ''meerschaum'' by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1788, it was named ''sepiolite'' by Ernst Friedrich Glocker in 1847 for an occurrence in Bettolino, Baldissero Canavese, Torino Province, Piedmont, Italy. The name comes from Greek ''sepion'' (σήπιον), meaning "cuttlebone" (the porous internal shell of the cuttlefish), + ''lithos'' (λίθος), meaning ''stone'', after a perceived resemblance of this mineral to cuttlebone.〔 Because of its low specific gravity and its high porosity it may float upon water, hence its German name. It is sometimes found floating on the Black Sea and rather suggestive of sea-foam, hence the German origin of the name as well as the French name for the same substance, ''écume de mer''. In addition to its use in pipes, sepiolite is used in oil drilling and for cat litter. In construction, sepiolite can be used in lime mortars as water reservoir.〔ANDREJKOVIČOVÁ et al., (2011) Fine sepiolite addition to air lime-metakaolin mortars. Clay Minerals, 46 (4): 624-635. (DOI: 10.1180/claymin.2011.046.4.621 )〕〔(ANDREJKOVIČOVÁ et al., (2012) Air lime mortars with incorporation of sepiolite and synthetic zeolite pellets. Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia, 9 (1): 79-91 )〕 == Characteristics == Sepiolite is opaque and off-white, grey or cream color, breaking with a conchoidal or fine earthy fracture, and occasionally fibrous in texture. Due to the fact it can be readily scratched with the finger nail, its hardness is ranked at about 2 on the Mohs scale. The specific gravity varies from 0.988 to 1.279, but the porosity of the mineral may lead to error. Sepiolite is a hydrous magnesium silicate having the chemical formula Mg4Si6O15(OH)2·6H2O. When first extracted, sepiolite is soft. However, it hardens on exposure to solar heat or when dried in a warm room. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sepiolite」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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