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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Shanghai Volunteer Corps ： ウィキペディア英語版 Shanghai Volunteer Corps The Shanghai Volunteer Corps (SVC) was a multinational, mostly volunteer force controlled by the Shanghai Municipal Council which governed the Shanghai International Settlement. The SVC was in existence from 1853 to 1942. ==History== The Shanghai Volunteer Corps was created on 12 April 1853 during the Small Swords Society's uprising.〔''North China Herald'', 16 April 1853, p.146〕 It saw action alongside British and American military units in the 1854 'Battle of the Muddy Flat', when Qing imperial troops besieging the rebel-held city ignored foreign demands to move further away from the foreign concessions. Concerned that the Qing forces were drawing rebel fire into the settlements, the foreign consuls and military commanders authorised an attack on the Qing forces to dislodge them. The operation was successful, and the battle was thereafter commemorated as an important event in the history of the SVC.〔''The Battle of "Muddy Flat": Being an historical sketch of that famous occurrence written specially for the Jubilee Commemoration thereof at Shanghai, April 1904; with some added particulars relating to the Shanghai Volunteer Corps'' (Shanghai, 1904)〕 The Corps was disbanded in 1855 but reestablished in 1861.〔p.39 Heath, Ian & Perry, Michael ''The Taiping Rebellion 1851-66'' 1994 Osprey Publishing〕 In 1870 the Shanghai Municipal Council took over the running of the SVC .〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tales of old Shanghai - Library - A Short History of Shanghai )〕 The unit was mobilised in 1900 for the Boxer Rebellion and in 1914 for the First World War. In 1916 the British recruited Chinese to serve in the Chinese Labour Corps for service in rear areas on the Western Front to free troops for front line duty. Many members of the SVC served as officers in the CLC. In 1910 the German contingent consisted of one regular company ("Prinz Heinrich Kompangie") and one reserve company. When the First World War broke out at least forty of the German volunteers in Shanghai left to join the 7. Kompagnie of the III. Seebataillon in the defence of Tsingtao. At various times during its history the Shanghai Volunteer Corps included Scottish, American, Chinese, Italian, Austro-Hungarian, Danish, German, Filipino, Jewish, Portuguese, Japanese, White Russian, and Eurasian companies, amongst others. British War Office supplied weapons and a commanding officer.〔Harriet Sergeant, page71, "Shanghai", ISBN 0-7195-5713-5〕 The German and the Austro-Hungarian companies were disbanded in 1917 when China declared war on Germany.〔p. 258 Johnstone ''The Shanghai Problem'' Stanford University Press〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shanghai Volunteer Corps」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.