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ShapeAccelArray
ShapeAccelArray (SAA)〔Abdoun & Bennett, "A New Wireless MEMS-based System for Real-Time Deformation Monitoring," Geotechnical News, March, 2008, pp. 36–40.〕 is a sensor that can be placed in a borehole〔Cloutier, C., Locat, J., Lord, P.-E., Couture, R., & Jaboyedoff, M. 2012. “Kinematic Considerations of the Gascons Rockslide, Quebec (Gaspesie), Canada”. In Landslide and Engineered Slopes: Protecting Society through Improved Understanding, Proceeding of the 11th International & 2nd North American Symposium on Landslides. Vol. 2. Banff, Alberta. June 3–8, 2012. pp.1265-1271.〕 or embedded within a structure to monitor deformation. It consists of a continuum of segments containing triaxial, micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) accelerometers〔Dasenbrock, D.D., Levesque, C.L., & Danisch, L. 2012. “Long-term behavior monitoring using automated MEMS-based sensing arrays in an urban environment”. In Landslide and Engineered Slopes: Protecting Society through Improved Understanding, Proceeding of the 11th International & 2nd North American Symposium on Landslides. Vol. 2. Banff, Alberta. June 3–8, 2012. pp.1393-1398.〕 Each segment has a known length. By sensing the gravity field at each segment, the bend angles between each segment can be calculated.〔Rollins, K., et al. 2009. “Monitoring Displacement vs. Depth in Lateral Pile Load Tests with Shape Accelerometer Arrays”, in Proceeding of the 17th International Conference on Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 3., Alexandria, Egypt, October 5–9. pp. 2016-2019.〕 Using the calculated bend angles and known segment lengths, the shape of an SAA can be determined. SAA can be used to determine 3D shape when installed vertically and 2D shape when installed horizontally. 3D shape can be determined when SAA is installed up to 60 degrees from zenith.
SAA is typically installed in 1” (26 mm ID) PVC conduit which is grouted within a borehole. The flexibility of the SAA joints enables it to bend up to 90° and withstand large deformations.〔Dasenbrock, D. 2010. “Automated Landslide and Instrumentation Programs on US Route 2,” in Proceedings of the University of Minnesota 58th Annual Geotechnical Engineering Conference, St. Paul, 26 February 2010, pp. 165-185.〕 Data can be sent wirelessly to a server for automated processing and to enable remote data analysis in real-time. Data can also be periodically downloaded using a PC for analysis. Millimeter level precision can be achieved using this sensor.〔Barendse, “Field Evaluation of a MEMS-Based, Real-Time Deformation Monitoring System,” Geotechnical Instrumentation News, Vol 26, No 1, pp. 41–44, March 2008.〕
== See also ==
* Automatic deformation monitoring system
* Slope stability
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