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Shechem
Shechem , also spelled Sichem (; Hebrew: שְׁכֶם / שְׁכָם, Standard ''(unicode:Š(ə)ḫem)'' Tiberian ''(unicode:Šəḵem)'', "shoulder"), was a Canaanite city mentioned in the Amarna letters, and is mentioned in the Hebrew Bible as an Israelite city of the tribe of Manasseh and the first capital of the Kingdom of Israel.〔(Book of Kings II:25 )〕 Traditionally associated with Nablus,〔' The present Nābulus is a corruption merely of Neapolis; and Neapolis succeeded the more ancient Shechem. All the early writers who touch on the topography of Palestine, testify to this identity of the two.' William Smith (ed.) ''Dictionary of the Bible,'', rev. and edited by H.B.Hackett and Ezra Abbot, Hurd & Houghton New York 1870, vol.IV, ''Shechem,' pp.2952-2958, p.2953.〕 it is now identified with the nearby site of Tell Balata in Balata al-Balad in the West Bank.
==Geographical position==
Its position is indicated in the Hebrew Bible: it lay north of Bethel and Shiloh, on the high road going from Jerusalem to the northern districts (Judges xxi, 19), at a short distance from Michmethath (Joshua 17:7) and of Dothain (Genesis 37:12-17); it was in the hill-country of Ephraim (Joshua 20:7; 21:21; 1 Kings 12:25; 1 Chronicles 6:67; 7:28), immediately below Mount Gerizim (Judges 9:6-7). These indications are substantiated by Josephus, who says that the city lay between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim, and by the Madaba map, which places Sychem, also called Sikima, between the "Tour Gobel" (Ebal) and the "Tour Garizin" (Garizim). The site of Shechem in patristic sources is almost invariably identified with〔St. Jerome, St. Epiphanius〕 or located close to〔Eusebius, "Onomast.", Euchem; Medaba map〕 the town of Flavia Neapolis/Nablus.
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