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Shepperton is a suburban town/village in the borough of Spelthorne, Surrey in the former historic county of Middlesex in England, south west of Charing Cross, London, bounded by the Thames to the south and in the north-west bisected by the M3 motorway. Shepperton is equidistant between the north Surrey towns of Chertsey and Sunbury-on-Thames. Shepperton is mentioned in a document of 959 CE and in the Domesday Book, where it was an agricultural village. In the early 19th century resident writers and poets included Haggard, Peacock, Meredith and Shelley, allured by the Thames which was painted at Walton Bridge here in 1754 by Canaletto and in 1805 by Turner. The suburbanisation of Shepperton began in the mid to late 19th century with the construction in 1864 of its railway largely owing to its manor owner W. S. Lindsay which was originally envisaged to extend beyond the village to serve the market town of Chertsey. Shepperton's relative closeness to London coupled with improvements to the river such as Shepperton Lock built in 1813 helped it to develop into a suburban settlement where merchants and professionals chose to construct and rent villas in its smog-free environs and commute daily to the city. As part of England's South East, and with its film studios and production facilities, since the 1930s Shepperton has continued to bring in new homes and residents as a commuter settlement, supported by its position within the Greater London Built-up Area, from roughly 1,810 residents in the early 20th century to a little short of 10,000 in 2011. Expansion continues in the form of occasional new housing developments; however, much of the land is now urbanised or designated parkland. Its Green Belt has The Swan Sanctuary and two SSSIs, one of which is managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust. Most undeveloped land is protected from new development. ==History== While a history summary of 1994 indicates that Shepperton meant Shepherd's habitation, which would earlier have transliterated into late Saxon language as Sceapheard-ton,〔(Shepperton Conservation Area Preservation and Enhancement Proposals ) at 2.1, R. Fairgrieve, 1994, Borough of Spelthorne〕 the place has been found in "a document of 959 CE" as Scepertune, which the book ''Middlesex'' (Robbins, 1953), states instead meant Shepherd's farm. The name of one of the older lanes, Sheep Walk, may date to the medieval period and was perhaps on a wide tract of low-lying meadows which produced the Middlesex wool, namely marsh wool, which was included in a valuation of 1343, two years after the wool tax of Edward III which collected a sack for every of the county (contributing in total 236 sacks) — much of which however appears from contemporary returns to have been collected from other riversides in the county including, in particular, Hampton (which includes Hampton Court). Shepperton in the Domesday Book of 1086 was recorded by the Norman conquerors as ''Scepertone'', with a population of 25 households and was held by Westminster Abbey; (excluding any wood, marsh and heath) it had eight hides, pasture for seven carucates and one weir (worth 6s 8d per year). In total the annual amount rendered was £6.〔(Domesday Map ) Shepperton. Retrieved 2013-07-08〕 The Church Lane/Square area, leading to and next to the river predates by several centuries the High Street as the village nucleus. When the railway station was constructed a mile to the north, linking Shepperton to London Waterloo station, the village expanded into its northern fields from its opening in 1864, which was largely due to contributions of W. S. Lindsay the owner of Shepperton's manor. The River Thames was important for transport from the late 13th century and carried barley, wheat, peas and root vegetables to London's markets; later timber, building materials such as bricks, sand and lime, and gunpowder, see the Wey Navigation.〔(Spelthorne Borough Council ) Lower Halliford Spelthorne BC Conservation Area Appraisal 1994, Richard Fairgrieve Manygate Lane Conservation Area appraisal: in supporting the "successful implementation of modernism" this source cites: “The Visual Dictionary of Buildings”– Dorling Kindersley “A History of English Architecture” – Pelican “The Buildings of Wales Glamorgan” – John Newman “The Elements of Style” – Mitchell Besley “Dictionary of Architecture” – Penguin “Dictionary of Building” – Penguin “A Vision of Britain”– HRH Prince of Wales – Doubleday〕 While the village was wholly agricultural until the 19th century, there are originally expensive gravestones of the local minor gentry in the churchyard, two of which are dedicated to their naturalised black servants, Benjamin and Cotto Blake who both died in 1781. These bear the inscription "Davo aptio, Argo fidelior, ipso Sanchone facetior". During this long period since the conquest the wealth of the local rector and his bishop was great: William Grocyn was rector 1504–1513 and was an Oxford classical academic who corresponded regularly with Erasmus and Lewis Atterbury (1707–31) expended much of the large parish revenues on having the large tower rebuilt.〔 A large net income of rents and tithes of £499 per year was paid to the rectory belonging to S. H. Russell in 1848; this compares to £600 of poor relief, including for supporting its workhouse, paid out in 1829.〔〔(Spelthorne Borough Council ) Shepperton Conservation Area Appraisal at Church Square 2.2〕 A change to secular council-administered rather than church-administered public services followed the establishment of poor law unions and sanitary districts and was completed with the founding, in 1889, of the Staines Rural District (and Middlesex County Council from 1896). In 1930 on the rural district's abolition, Shepperton became part of the Sunbury-on-Thames Urban District until its dissolution into a reduced and reconfigured county of Surrey in 1965. Three districts of the historic county thus did not become part of Greater London: Staines Urban District also joined Surrey and Potters Bar Urban District joined Hertfordshire.〔(Vision of Britain.org.uk ) Boundary Map. Retrieved 2013-07-04〕 Shepperton is said to be haunted by the ghost of a headless monk.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.paranormaldatabase.com/surrey/surrdata.php?pageNum_paradata=5&totalRows_paradata=166 )〕 ;Use in semi-fiction In semi-fiction, George Eliot's ''Scenes of Clerical Life telling the Sad Fortunes of The Rev. Amos Barton'', gives a thinly veiled picture of Chilvers Coton's church and village in the early 19th century in which she uses the name Shepperton. If anything real is to be gleaned for its use, it is perhaps a passing similarity. ''Shepperton Manor'' by John Mason Neale was contemporaneously written in 1844 fifteen years after he had spent six years living in the village. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shepperton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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