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Shigin ((日本語:詩吟)) is a performance of reciting a Japanese poem or a Chinese poem read in Japanese, each poem ((日本語:詩) = ''shi'') usually chanted ((日本語:吟) = ''gin'') by an individual or in a group. Reciting can be done loudly before a large audience, softly to a few friends, or quietly to the reciter himself or herself. Each reciting is also termed ''gin''. Any forms of Japanese and Chinese poetry are used for reciting. Kanshi and classical Chinese poems are usually composed of four or more lines of Chinese characters, or kanji (漢字), each line having the same number of characters. ''Gin'' with four phrases, each seven characters long (the most common), are classified as . There is strictly only one standard melody, although many poems will be distinguished by minor variations from this theme. ==Performance== Members of a shigin group will usually gather to train in a washitsu, or Japanese-style room with tatami matting. Participants kneel in the lotus or seiza position, thought to be the optimum posture to allow strong and steady projection during chanting. They are encouraged to focus their energy in their gut (thought in Zen to be the locus of power) and sing by slowly expelling this energy. Conversely, singing from the chest, as would be encouraged in classical Western operatic style, is deemed unauthentic. During practice, members may refer to the written ''gin'' to aid memory. This is usually annotated, with marks to the right of each character denoting how the tone should vary through the length of its vocalisation. Breathing intervals are indicated by right-angular strokes to the left of the character (a typical ''gin'' will last approximately one and a half minutes, in four breaths). Finally, because Japanese and Chinese word orders differ, further (sino) numerical marks to the left of some characters indicate their correct sequence. ''Gin'' are formally performed standing, and from memory. Because of this, recital of longer ''gin'' is sometimes seen as more accomplished (being harder to remember, and more likely to vary from the standard melodic form). The vocal may be accompanied by traditional Japanese instruments such as the Koto or Shakuhachi. Dress may be Western (suit) or traditional (kimono or yukata). ''Gin'' are also used in the performance of certain Japanese dances, such as kenshibu. In such cases, ''gin'' may either be performed live or played from recordings. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shigin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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