|
Shm-reduplication is a form of reduplication in which the original word or its first syllable (the base) is repeated with the copy (the reduplicant) beginning with shm- (sometimes schm-), pronounced . The construction is generally used to indicate irony, derision, skepticism, or disinterest with respect to comments about the discussed object: :He's just a baby! ::"Baby-shmaby". He's already 5 years old! :What a sale! ::"Sale, schmale". I'm waiting for a larger discount. The original word can be a noun, but also an adjective: :"Whenever we go to a fancy-schmancy restaurant, we feel like James Bond." The reduplicated combination belongs to the same syntactical category as the original. == Phonological properties == * Words beginning with a single consonant typically replace that consonant with shm- (table shmable). * Words beginning with a consonant cluster are more variable: some speakers replace only the first consonant if possible (breakfast shmreakfast), others replace the entire cluster (breakfast shmeakfast). * Vowel-initial words prepend the shm- directly to the beginning of the reduplicant (apple shmapple). Although this is conventionally accepted by English speakers as an addition of a new element to a whole word, from a strictly phonetic point of view this, too, is a replacement of the initial glottal stop by the shm- morpheme. * Some speakers target the stressed syllable rather than the first syllable (incredible inshmedible); a subset of these do not copy base material preceding the stressed syllable (incredible shmedible; cf. Spitzer 1952). * When speaking two words, usually only the second word is shm-reduplicated (Led Zeppelin Led Shmeppelin). * Shm-reduplication is generally avoided or altered with words that already begin with shm-; for instance, schmuck does not yield the expected *schmuck schmuck, but rather total avoidance or mutation of the shm- (giving forms like schmuck shluck, schmuck fluck, and so on). * Many speakers use sm- instead of shm- with words that contain a sh (Ashmont Smashmont, not shmashmont). Further phonological details revealed by Bert Vaux and Andrew Nevins' online survey of shm-reduplication can be found here () 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shm-reduplication」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|