| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Shoin-zukuri ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Shoin-zukuri
is a style of Japanese residential architecture used in the mansions of the military, temple guest halls, and Zen abbot's quarters of the Azuchi-Momoyama (1568-1600) and Edo periods (1600-1868). It forms the basis of today's traditional-style Japanese house. Characteristics of the ''shoin-zukuri'' development were the incorporation of square posts and floors completely covered with ''tatami''.〔Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, entry for "shoin-zukuri".〕 The style takes its name from the ''shoin'', a term that originally meant a study and a place for lectures on the sūtra within a temple, but which later came to mean just a drawing room or study.〔Iwanami Japanese dictionary, 6th Edition (2008), DVD version〕
==History==
The foundations for the design of today's traditional Japanese residential houses with tatami floors were established in the late Muromachi period and refined during the ensuing Momoyama period.〔〔
''Shoin-zukuri'', a new architectural style influenced by Zen Buddhism, developed during that time from the ''shinden-zukuri'' of the earlier Heian period's palaces and the subsequent residential style favored by the warrior class during the Kamakura period.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title = shoinzukuri )〕 The term , meaning study or drawing room has been used to denote reception rooms in residences of the military elite as well as study rooms at monasteries.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title = shoin )〕 A ''shoin'' has a core area surrounded by aisles, and smaller areas separated by ''fusuma'' sliding doors, or ''shōji'' partitions constructed of paper on a wooden frame or wooden equivalents, and .〔 The main reception room is characterized by specific features: a recessed alcove (''tokonoma''); staggered shelves; built-in desks; and ornate sliding doors.〔〔 Generally the reception room is covered with wall-to-wall ''tatami'', has square beveled pillars, a coved and/or coffered ceiling, and .〔〔 The entrance hall (''genkan'') emerged as an element of residential architecture during the Momoyama period.〔 The oldest extant ''shoin'' style building is the Tōgu-dō at Ginkaku-ji dating from 1485. Other representative examples of early ''shoin'' style, also called ''shuden'', include two guest halls at Mii-dera. In the early Edo period, ''shoin-zukuri'' reached its peak and spread beyond the residences of the military elite.〔 The more formal ''shoin-style'' of this period is apparent in the characteristics of Ninomaru Palace at Nijō Castle as well as the ''shoin'' at Nishi Hongan-ji (see photos above).
The simpler style used in the architecture of tea houses for the tea ceremony developed in parallel with ''shoin-zukuri''. In the 16th century Sen no Rikyū established dedicated style teahouses characterized by their small size of typically two to eight ''mat'', the use of natural materials, and rustic appearance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title = souan )〕 This teahouse style, exemplified by the Joan and Taian teahouses, was influenced by Japanese farmhouse style and the ''shoin'' style featuring tatami matted floors, recessed alcoves (tokonoma) and one or more ante chambers for preparations.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Shoin-zukuri」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|