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Solapur () () is a city located in the south-eastern region of indian state of Maharashtra.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Overview of Solapur )〕 Solapur comes under the administration of the Pune division. Solapur is located on major road and rail routes between Mumbai and Hyderabad, with a branch line to the cities of Bijapur (now known as Vijayapur) and Gadag in the neighbouring state of Karnataka.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Maharashtra Cities: Solapur )〕 It is classified as a 2 Tier and B-2 class city by House Rent Allowance (HRA) classification by the Government of India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Re-classification of cities/towns on the basis of 2001 Census -grant of House Rent Allowance (HRA) and Compensatory (City) Allowance (CCA) to Central Government employees. )〕 It is 49th-most-populous city in India and 43rd-largest urban agglomeration.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nriol.com/india-statistics/biggest-cities-india.asp )〕 Solapur has speakers of Marathi, Kannada, Telugu,Tamil and Hindi languages with multilingual features. Solapur is the fourth-largest district in Maharashtra in terms of land area, and seventh-largest in terms of population. The district shares its borders with the south indian state of Karnataka and Hyderabad city. Solapur district has the highest number of sugar factories (total 33) in India. Solapur leads Maharashtra in production of indian cigarettes or Beedi. Solapuri Chadars and towels are famous in India and also at a global level, however there has been a significant decline in their exports due to quality reasons. ''Solapuri chadars'' are the famous and first product in Maharashtra to get a Geographical Indication tag It has been a leading center for cotton mills and power looms in Maharashtra. Solapur had the world's second-largest and Asia's largest spinning mill. The National Research Centre on Pomegranate (NRCP) of India is located in Solapur. and also the pomegranate farming is done on a large scale in Solapur District. The Science Centre in Kegaon (Solapur) is the third largest and prominent scientific association in Maharashtra. The Raichur- Solapur Power Transmission line of 765 kV power capacity suffices the power grid accessing need of the southern states of Karanataka and Andhra Pradesh. The first waste-to-energy electricity plant in Maharashtra is situated in Solapur. The Gramadevata (Chief deity) of the city is Shri Shivyogi Siddheshwar. The "Nandidhwaj" procession on the Hindu festival of Makar Sankranti and on account of it an annual fair locally known as ''Gadda Yatra'' attracts large crowds and is associated with the marriage of Lord Siddheshwar. In 1992, the Solapur Municipal Corporation extended its area up to by merging its suburbs. ==Etymology and history== The Solapur District was ruled by various dynasties such as Andhrabhratyas, Chalukyas, Rashtrakutas, Yadavas and Bahamanis. 'Solapur' spelled in (Marathi: सोलापूर) is believed to be derived from the combination of two Sanskrit words: 'Sola (Sanskrit: सोला/सोळा)' meaning "Sixteen" and 'pur (Sanskrit: पूर)' meaning "Village". The present city of Solapur was considered to be spread over sixteen villages viz. Aadilpur, Ahmedpur, Chapaldev, Fatehpur, Jamdarwadi, Kalajapur, Khadarpur, Khandervkiwadi, Muhammadpur, Ranapur, Sandalpur, Shaikpur, Solapur, Sonallagi, Sonapur and Vaidakwadi and all these villages are now merged with Solapur Municipal Corporation. It is evident from the inscriptions of Shivayogi Lord Siddheshwar of the time of the Kalachuristis of Kalyani, that the town was called 'Sonnalage' which came to be pronounced as 'Sonnalagi'. The town was known as Sonnalagi even up to the times of Yadavas. A Sanskrit inscription dated (Sanskrit:शके १२३८) Śakē 1238, after the downfall of the Yadavas found at Kamati in Mohol shows that the town was known as Sonalipur. One of the inscriptions found in Solapur fort shows that the town was called Sonalpur while another inscription on the well in the fort shows that it was known as Sandalpur. Subsequently the British rulers pronounced Solapur as Sholapur and hence the name of the district. The present Solapur district was previously part of Ahmednagar, Pune and Satara districts. In 1838 it became the Sub-district of Ahmednagar. It included Barshi, Mohol, Madha, Karmala, Indi, Hippargi and Muddebihal Sub-divisions. In 1864 this Sub-district was abolished. In 1871 this district was reformed joining the Sub-divisions viz. Solapur, Barshi, Mohol, Madha and Karmala and two Subdivisions of Satara district viz. Pandharpur, Sangola and in 1875 Malshiras Sub-division was also attached.〔http://solapurbarassociation.com/History.php〕 After the State reorganisation in 1956 Solapur was included in Bombay State and it became a full-fledged district of Maharashtra State in 1960. A prominent Kannadiga woman and writer Jayadevi Taayi Ligade and some of Lingayat Kannadigas had tried for inclusion of Solapur region into Karnataka state (former Mysore state) on grounds of linguistic majority of Kannada speaking people in and around Solapur region. and the demand was again asserted by Chief Minister of Karnataka B. S. Yeddyurappa in 2010. The Solapur Municipal Council was the first municipal council to hoist the indian national flag on the Municipal Council building in 1930. The municipal corporation building was built by Rao Saheb Mallappa Warad. He was also one of the first ones to bring the farming tractor in India. It was his wish that the building should be used for some public purpose and thus the building was made the municipal council. The building is also called ''Indra Bhawan'' which means 'Abode of Indra' (Lord Indra). Mallappa Warad was also one of the ten members of 'Chamber of Merchants' under Queen Victoria. Taking the spirit of Dandi March from Mahatma Gandhi, the freedom fighters of solapur hoisted the National Flag on 6 April 1930 on the Municipal Council building. This was the first and the unique incidence of such kind throughout the country. During the Indian independence movement, the people of Solapur enjoyed full freedom on 9–11 May 1930. However, this resulted in the executions of Mallappa Dhanshetti, Abdul Rasool Qurban Hussein, Jagannath Bhagwan Shinde and Shrikisan Laxminarayan Sarada, who were hanged on 12 January 1931, in the prison at Pune. This resulted in the city becoming recognised as "The City of Hutatmas" literally "The City of Martyrs".〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=www.trodly.com )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Solapur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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