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Shresthas
The Srēṣṭha or Shrēṣṭha ((ネパール語:श्रेष्ठ)) or () caste is the second largest Newar caste (after Maharjans), occupying around 25% of overall Newar population, or about 1.2% of Nepal’s total population. It is believed that the word ''Srēṣṭha'' is derived from the Newar word ''Śeśyah'', which itself is derivation of a Sanskrit word ''Sista'' meaning 'noble', although literal meaning of the word also translated to 'best or important.' "Shrestha" itself was later adopted as the specific family surname by members of this high-caste Hindu group, although there are over 50 other recognized surnames of Srēṣṭhas.
==Background==
Prior to Nepal’s unification, Srēṣṭha was a title given to those who served as administrators at the Malla courts. From within the Srēṣṭhas are highly heterogeneous groups: they count among them not only the high-caste aristocratic Kshatriyas, the Chatharīya, descended from the nobles and courtiers of the Malla period who later formed the core of government bureaucracy during the Shah and Rana period, but also the Vaishyas, the Pāñchthariya, who now mostly call themselves 'Shrestha', which includes petty shopkeepers to rich merchant families, both in the Valley and throughout Nepal. Srēṣṭha group has also incorporated in it the socially upward farmers and peasants in the villages of the Valley and throughout Nepal.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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