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Sicherheitsdienst
''Sicherheitsdienst'' ((英語:Security Service)), full title ''Sicherheitsdienst des Reichsführers-SS'', or SD, was the intelligence agency of the SS and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany. The organization was the first Nazi Party intelligence organization to be established and was considered a sister organization with the Gestapo, which the SS had infiltrated heavily after 1934. Between 1933 and 1939, the SD was administered as an independent SS office, after which it was transferred to the authority of the Reich Main Security Office (''Reichssicherheitshauptamt''; RSHA), as one of its seven departments/offices.〔McNab, Chris. ''The SS: 1923–1945'', p. 41.〕 Its first director, Reinhard Heydrich, intended for the SD to bring every single individual within the Third Reich's reach under "continuous supervision."〔Krausnick, Helmut, et al. ''Anatomy of the SS State'', pp. 166-167.〕
Following Germany's defeat in World War II, the SD was declared a criminal organisation at the Nuremberg Trials, along with the rest of Heydrich's RSHA (including the Gestapo) both individually and as branches of the SS in the collective.〔''Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression'' (1946), pp. 91-102.〕 Heydrich's successor, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, was sentenced to death for war crimes at the Nuremberg Tribunals and hanged in 1946.〔Weale (2012). ''Army of Evil: A History of the SS'', pp. 410-411.〕
==History==
The SD was one of the oldest security organizations of the SS and was first formed in 1931 as the ''Ic-Dienst'', operating out of a single apartment and reporting directly to Heinrich Himmler. Himmler appointed a former naval officer, Reinhard Heydrich, to organise the small agency. The office was renamed ''Sicherheitsdienst'' (SD) in the summer of 1932. The SD became more powerful after the Nazis took control of Germany and the SS started infiltrating all leading positions of the security apparatus of the Reich. Even before Hitler came to power, the SD was a veritable "watchdog" over the SS and members of the Nazi Party and played a critical role in consolidating political police powers into the hands of Himmler and Heydrich.〔Gellately (1992). ''The Gestapo and German Society: Enforcing Racial Policy 1933-1945'', p. 65.〕
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