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Sileraioi
The Sileraioi ((ギリシア語:Σιλεραίοι)) were a group of ancient mercenaries most likely employed by the tyrant Dionysius I of Syracuse, though it is unknown at what time during Dionysus' reign and to what capacity the Sileraioi were employed. They began to issue coinage between the years 357 and 336 BC, and this coinage provides the bulk of evidence we have of their existence, since no ancient authors wrote about them by name and the location of any "city" of the Sileraioi has not been conclusively determined. However, much can be inferred about the ruthless character of the Sileraioi based on what ancient authors wrote about Dionysus' mercenaries in general.〔J. B. Bury, The Cambridge Ancient History VI: Macedon, 401-301 BC, Chpt. 5, Cambridge: UP, 1975.〕
==Origin of Name==
There are a few possible explanations for the origin of the name “Sileraioi”. Some believe that they were named after the area of the Sila Mountains, in ancient Bruttium, and only left that area to come to Sicily when employed by Dionysius I of Syracuse.〔Falco, Giulia (Athens). "Sileraioi." Brill’s New Pauly. , 2012. Reference. 15 March 2012 〕 Others believe the group originated around the river Sele in Campania, and were therefore Campanian mercenaries, who also would have been employed by Dionysius I. A third and more recent theory places the origin of the Sileraioi in Lucania.〔Mariangela Puglisi, "Distribuzione e funzione della moneta bronzea in Sicilia dalla fine del V sec. a.C. all’età ellenistica"〕 However, the word Sileraioi is related to the paleo-mediterranean word ''sila'', which means “channel in which water flows” and is the root of hundreds of names in Magna Graecia,〔 N.Sisci, relaying article by Domenico Canino ('Il Quotidiano' 27/09/2009)〕 and therefore the original location of the Sileraioi cannot be said to be Bruttium, Campania or Lucania definitively, without further archaeological evidence, although at this point modern scholarship points to Lucania as the most likely.〔 D. Castrizio, mercenariale coinage in Sicily, 2000〕
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