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SkQ
SkQ (10-(6'-Plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenyl-phosphonium) stands for a class of organic molecules composed of a large organic cation (often called "penetrating cation" for the ability to penetrate through lipid bilayer) with antioxidant plastoquinone attached to it. When added to a living cell, penetrating cations are distributed according to the transmembrane electrical potential difference. They traverse across the cell membrane (negatively charged from inside) and accumulate in mitochondria (also negatively charged inside). The concentration of a penetrating cation in mitochondria can be more than 1000-fold higher than its extracellular concentration.
== SkQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant ==
It was proposed that penetrating cations can act as "electric locomotive molecules" and target molecules attached to them in mitochondria. Monitoring the distribution of plastoquinonyl-decyl-rhodamine 19 (SkQR1), a fluorescent SkQ, confirmed that it accumulated almost exclusively in mitochondria. Measurements of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production revealed that SkQ is a very efficient antioxidant, even when added to the cells in the nanomolar concentration range.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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