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Shkodër (, for other names see the etymology section), is a city and municipality in northwestern Albania and the seat of the county with the same name. It is one of the oldest and most historic places in Albania, as well as an important cultural and economic centre. During many different epochs it has retained its status as a major city in the Western Balkans, due to its geostrategic positioning close to the Adriatic and the Italian ports, but also with land-routes to other important cities and towns in neighbouring regions. The present municipality, which now extends from the Albanian Alps to the Adriatic Sea, was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Ana e Malit, Bërdicë, Dajç, Guri i Zi, Postribë, Pult, Rrethinat, Shalë, Shkodër, Shosh and Velipojë, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the city Shkodër.〔(Law nr. 115/2014 )〕 The total population is 135,612 (2011 census), in a total area of 872.71 km2.〔(Interactive map administrative territorial reform )〕 The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 77,075.〔(2011 census results )〕 Its importance is heightened by the Lake of Skadar to the west of the city—the largest in the Western Balkans—that straddles Albania and neighbouring Montenegro. The population of Shkodër municipality at the 2011 census was 77,075, while Shkodër County had a population of 215,347.〔 ==Etymology== The name of Shkodra is first attested in antiquity in the form ''Skodra'' (''(ラテン語:Scodra)'', ),〔e.g. Ptolemy, ''Geographia'' II.16.; Polybius, ''Histories'', XXVII.8.〕 and in the Greek genitive ('of the Skodrians') found on coins from the 2nd century BC. Its ultimate origins, from Illyrian, are unknown.〔 The further development of the name has been the object of some discussion among linguists in the context of the debate over the linguistic provenance of Albanians and the Albanian language. While Cabej〔; cited after Matzinger 2009.〕 and Demiraj〔; cited after Matzinger 2009.〕 treat the development from ''Skodra'' to modern ''Shkodra'' as evidence of regular development within Albanian, Matzinger〔 argues that it fails to display certain known phonological changes that would have to have happened if the name had been continually in use in (proto-)Albanian since pre-Roman times. The name was adapted to Italian as Scutari; in this form it was also in wide use in English until the 20th century.〔Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th edition (1911), "Scutari" article.〕 In Serbian Shkodër is known as ''Skadar'', in Macedonian as Скадар (''Skadar'') and in Turkish as ''İşkodra''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Shkodër」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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