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Skiringssal (Old Norse ''Skíringssalr'') was the name of a Viking Age hall which stood at a site now known as Huseby, about 0.73 miles (1.2 km) south-west of Tjølling, a settlement a little over east of Larvik, in the south of the Norwegian county of Vestfold. By extension the name also referred to the local ''bygd'', or settlement area, and in the 15th century it was probably used synonymously for the ecclesiastical parish of Tjølling. Skiringssal is mentioned in several early medieval sources, including the ''Ynglinga saga'', the ''Fagrskinna'' and the ''Sögubrot af nokkrum fornkonungum''. The name last occurs in 1445, in the form "Skirisall", in a hospital register from Tønsberg. This and other documents from earlier in the 15th century associate Skiringssal with locations in the parish of Tjølling. Archaeological excavations at Huseby have shown that a large hall was built there in the mid-8th century and went out of use by about 900. Excavations at Kaupang, near the shoreline south-west of Tjølling, have shown that this was the location of a trading place from about 800 to the late 10th century. The hall at Huseby may have been established by the first Norwegian members of the Yngling dynasty, the trading place at Kaupang would have been established and continued under the control of the chieftain at Huseby, and Tjølling probably began as a site for public assemblies, or ''things'', a role which it continued to play in the 16th century. ==Etymology== The Old Norse place-name "Skíringssalr" comprises two elements, ''skíring'' and ''salr''. ''Salr'' denotes "a major banqueting hall, a king’s or a chieftain’s hall": in Scandinavian place-names it is also found in "Oðinssalr", "Sala" and "Uppsala". The element ''skíring'' is of uncertain meaning, though several meanings have been suggested. In the early 20th century Oluf Rygh suggested that there may have been a pagan god whose name was ''Skíringr'', probably formed from the Old Norse adjective ''skírr'', with the meaning "clear, pure, bright, light", combined with a suffix , after whom ''Skíringssalr'' may have been named, following the model of ''Oðinssalr'', which includes the name of the pagan god Odin; Gustav Storm suggested that ''Skiringr'' may have been an alternative name for the pagan god Freyr; and Sophus Bugge suggested that ''Skíringr'' compounded ''skírr'' with Ing, the eponymous hero of Tacitus' Ingvaeones and of the Ynglings. In 1980 Swedish linguist Sigurd Fries suggested that ''Skíringr'' may have been an old name for Viksfjord – the bay south of Tjølling – since ''skírr'' could refer to clear water, and the suffix -''ing'' is found in the names of numerous Scandinavian bays and fjords. In 2003 historian Andreas Nordberg suggested that ''Skíringssalr'' means "bright, shining hall". Historian Stefan Brink regards all of these interpretations as "practically impossible". While ''Skiringr'' is not found as the name of a god in medieval sources, nor is an Old Norse word ''skíring'' with a meaning "bright, shining", or indeed any such extension of an adjective with the suffix -''ing''; and an old name for Viksfjord was probably "Ælftangr", meaning "swans' bay". Instead Brink regards ''skíring'' as a word with unknown meaning and denotation.〔; .〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Skiringssal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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