|
Skrewdriver were a rock band formed by Ian Stuart Donaldson in Poulton-le-Fylde, England in 1976. Beginning as a non-political, non-racist punk rock/Oi! band, Skrewdriver evolved into the most prominent neo-Nazi rock band in the world. Their original line-up split in 1979 and Donaldson reformed the band with different musicians in 1982. The new version of the band played a leading role in the Rock Against Communism movement. ==Career== Ian Stuart Donaldson, formerly of the cover band Tumbling Dice, formed Skrewdriver as a punk rock band in Poulton-le-Fylde in 1976.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The soundtrack of neo-fascism: youth and music in the National Front )〕 At first, Skrewdriver sported a punk appearance, but they later changed their image to a skinhead look. In 1978, Donaldson moved to Manchester, where he recruited guitarist Glenn Jones and drummer Martin Smith. With Kevin MacKay on bass, this lineup toured extensively and built a strong following, but certain venues were reluctant to book the band because of their reputation as a violent skinhead band. Suggs, before joining Madness, had been a roadie for Skrewdriver in 1978.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skrewdriver Biography )〕 Performing largely for a skinhead audience, the first versions of the band released one album and two singles on Chiswick Records. Skrewdriver briefly adopted a rocker/biker-influenced look around the time they released the ''Built Up Knocked Down'' EP (1979).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skrewdriver Discography )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skrewdriver Information and Photos )〕 Donaldson resurrected the band name Skrewdriver in 1982 with a new band line-up. Although the original band had a minor reputation for attracting violence at their concerts (Boomtown Rats frontman Bob Geldof was reportedly knocked unconscious by a friend of Donaldson who believed that Skrewdriver's sound had been sabotaged),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Boomtown Rats vs Skrewdriver )〕 they did not openly support any political ideology or organisation.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skrewdriver Interview )〕 The reformed Skrewdriver eventually became openly supportive of far right white nationalist groups, after a lengthy period of publicly denying such support.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skrewdriver Press Cuttings )〕 The band released the ''White Power'' single in 1983 and their second album, ''Hail the New Dawn'', in 1984. Although both Skrewdriver and the band Sham 69 had skinhead followings and racist fans early in their careers, Sham 69 denounced racism and performed at Rock Against Racism concerts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skrewdriver Interview )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Punk and the Swastika )〕 Donaldson eventually aligned himself with neo-Nazism, saying: "I would describe myself as a British National Socialist, not a German one, and so don't think I'm at odds with British patriots."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Diamond in the Dust - The Ian Stuart Biography )〕 The band became associated with the National Front and British National Party, raising funds for them (and affiliated organisations) through the White Noise record label. They released records on Rock-O-Rama, a label that became known for far-right sympathies. Skrewdriver was instrumental in setting up Blood & Honour, a neo-Nazi music promotion network. Some members of the original Skrewdriver line-up objected strongly to the new direction in which Donaldson took the band. Roger Armstrong of Chiswick Records said:
However, John "Grinny" Grinton later stated in an interview that he had no problem with the new Skrewdriver, and that he became a member of the National Front along with Donaldson.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=An Interview with Grinny from Skrewdriver )〕 Donaldson died on 24 September 1993 following a car crash. His death catalyzed the demise of Skrewdriver, and had a strong impact in the white power rock scene.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sputnikmusic.com/bands/Skrewdriver/6618/ )〕 John "Grinny" Grinton died from cancer in June 2005. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Skrewdriver」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|