| 翻訳と辞書 |
Snaketown
Snaketown is an archaeological site southeast of Phoenix, Arizona that was inhabited by the Hohokam people.〔Martin, Paul and Plog, Fred. The Archaeology of Arizona. 1973, Pgs. 94, 146-147〕 Definitive dates are not clear, but the site was generally thought to be inhabited between 300 BCE and 1200 CE.〔http://www.nps.gov/pima/index.htm〕 Hohokam is an O’odham word meaning “those who have gone.” Specifically who the Hohokam people were and when the site was inhabited is subject to debate. It was dedicated as Hohokam Pima National Monument in 1972. Snaketown is governed by the Gila River Indian Community, which chose to preserve the site by reburying it after early excavations. The Monument is not open to the public.〔
==The Hohokam People and Snaketown==
Snaketown in Arizona is dated by some scholars to around 300 BCE.〔 Whether or not these were the Hohokam people is subject to debate. Martin and Plog 〔 maintain that these were the Ootam people, which was a subdivision of the Cochise Culture. According to these two, the Ootam were conquered and subsumed around 1000 CE by the Hohokam people from Mexico. Martin and Plog credit the Mexican Hohokam people with bringing extensive irrigation works, as well as other features attributed to what is thought of as Hohokam culture, from the south.〔 Emil Haury, an established scholar on the subject, makes no mention of this apparently hostile takeover. Furthermore, he views the Hohokam as a harmonious people, particularly in the way they shared water.〔Haury, Emil. The Hohokam: Desert Farmers and Craftsmen. 1976, Pgs. 354-357〕 Archaeologist Brian Fagan dates Hohokam culture to 500 CE,〔Fagan, Brian. Elixir: A History of Water and Humankind. 2011, Reprinted by permission of Bloomsbury Press in Archaeology Vol. 64 Number 2. Pgs. 16, 54-58, 64〕 and sums up the situation by stating that there are simply two separate schools of thought on the subject.〔Fagan, Brian. Ancient North America. 2005, pgs. 347-351〕 Martin and Plog belong to the first group and Haury belongs to the second. The second group argues that these features the first group believes came from Mexico were developed locally. While there is much dispute on the origin of Snaketown, most scholars are able to agree that Hohokam culture peaked between 700 and 900 CE. Snaketown derives its name from another O’odham word meaning “place of snakes” and is considered to be one of the larger Hohokam settlements.〔 A type of pottery (called red-on-buff) that is identified as distinctly Hohokam is found over ca. of the southwest.〔 This indicates the extent and prominence of the Hohokam people at their height.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Snaketown」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|