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Snuppy
Snuppy (Korean: 스너피 a portmanteau of "SNU" and "puppy" also known as "doggy"; born April 24, 2005)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=First Dog Clone )〕 is an Afghan hound, credited with being the world's first cloned dog. The puppy was created using a cell from an ear from an adult Afghan hound and involved 123 surrogate mothers, of which only three produced pups (Snuppy being the sole survivor). The team of 45 responsible for cloning Snuppy was led by biomedical scientist Hwang Woo-Suk, who was later found to have lied about his research on previous projects, however independent investigators discovered that Snuppy was a true clone. Snuppy has since been used in the first known successful breeding between cloned canines, after his sperm was used to artificially inseminate two cloned females, which resulted in the birth of 10 puppies in 2008. Replacement team leader and veterinarian Lee Byeong-Cheon used this technology to clone the first sterilized working dogs, Toppy.
== History ==
After Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996, scientists had managed to clone numerous other animals, including cats, cows, gaur, horses, mice, mules, pigs, rabbits and rats but had been unable to successfully clone a dog due to the problematic task of maturing a canine ovum in an artificial environment.〔 After several failed attempts by other scientists, Woo-Suk Hwang, a professor of Seoul National University, and a team of other scientists were able to successfully create a clone using tissue from the ear of a 3-year-old Afghan hound.
123 surrogate mothers were used to carry the embryos, of which 1,095 were implanted, the procedure resulted in only three pregnancies; one resulted in a miscarriage, the other pup was born successfully but died of pneumonia three weeks after birth, the successful clone was carried by a Labrador Retriever.〔 From the original 1,095 embryos to the final two puppies, this placed the success rate of the project at less than two tenths of a percent.〔 Snuppy was named as a portmanteau of the initials of the Seoul National University (SNU) and the word "puppy".
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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