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In Buddhism, a sotāpanna (Pali), srotāpanna (Sanskrit; , 〔Meditative States in Tibetan Buddhism By Lati Rinpoche, Denma Locho Rinpoche, Leah Zahler, Jeffrey Hopkins. pg 63〕), "stream-winner",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A Glossary of Pali and Buddhist Terms )〕 or "stream-entrant" is a person who has seen the Dharma and consequently, has dropped the first three fetters (''saŋyojana'') that bind a being to rebirth, namely self-view (''sakkāya-ditthi''), clinging to rites and rituals (''sīlabbata-parāmāsa''), and skeptical doubt (''vicikicchā''). The word ''sotāpanna'' literally means "one who entered (''āpanna'') the stream (''sota'')", after a metaphor which calls the noble eightfold path a stream which leads to nibbāna. Entering the stream (''sotāpatti'') is the first of the four paths of Buddhism. ==Attainment== The first moment of the attainment is termed the path of stream-entry (''sotāpatti-magga''), which cuts off the first three fetters. The person who experiences it is called a stream-winner (''sotāpanna''). The sotāpanna is said to attain an intuitive grasp of the dharma, this wisdom being called right view (''sammā diṭṭhi'') and has unshakable confidence in the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha. The Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha, sometimes taken to be the triple refuge, and other times listed as being objects of recollection.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first1=Piya )〕 In general though, confirmed confidence in the ''Buddha, ''Dharma'' and ''Sangha'', respectively, is considered to be one of the four limbs of stream-winning (''sotāpannassa angāni''). The sotapanna is said to have "opened the eye of the Dharma" (''dharmacakkhu''), because they have realized that whatever arises will cease (impermanence). Their conviction in the true dharma would be unshakable. They have had their first glimpse of the unconditioned element, the ''asankhata'', in which they see the goal, in the moment of the fruition of their path (magga-phala). Whereas the stream-entrant has seen nirvāṇa and, thus has verified confidence in it, the adept can drink fully of its waters, so to speak, to use a simile from the Kosambi Sutta (SN 12.68) — of a "well", encountered along a desert road. However, the remaining three paths, namely: once-return (sakadāgāmin), non-return(anāgāmin), and sainthood(arahatta) become 'destined' (''sammatta niyāma'') for the stream-entrant. Their enlightenment as a disciple (''ariya-sāvaka'') becomes inevitable within seven lives transmigrating among gods and humans; if they are diligent (''appamatta'', ''appamāda'') in the practice of the Teacher's (''satthāra'') message, they may fully awaken within their present life. They have very little future suffering to undergo. The early Buddhist texts (e.g. the Ratana Sutta) say that a stream-entrant will no longer be born in the animal womb, or hell realms; nor as a hungry ghost. The pathways to unfortunate rebirth destinations (''duggati''), have been closed to them. It's impossible for them to commit the six "heinous crimes" (''abhithanani''), which would otherwise lead to aeons in hell. These six being: i. matricide, ii. patricide, iii. the murder of an arahat, iv. shedding a Buddha's blood with malicious intent, v. causing schism in the monastic Sangha, and vi. taking another teacher. They are reborn only in "noble" human families, or as divine beings.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dhammawiki.com/index.php?title=Sotapanna )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sotāpanna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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