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Soundpainting is the live composing sign language created in 1974 by New York composer Walter Thompson for musicians, dancers, actors, poets, and visual artists. At present, the Soundpainting language comprises more than 1200 gestures that are signed by the composer/director, known as the Soundpainter, indicating the type of material desired of the performers. Direction of the composition is gained through the parameters of each set of signed gestures. == History of Soundpainting == In 1974, after attending a few years at Berklee College of Music, Walter Thompson moved to his family's summer house in Woodstock, New York. There he received a grant from the National Endowment on the Arts to study composition and woodwinds with Anthony Braxton. During this period, he also studied dance improvisation with Ruth Ingalls in Woodstock. Woodstock in the 1970s was an interesting place for creative music experimentation. The Creative Music Studio (CMS), founded by Karl Berger, Don Cherry, and Ornette Coleman, invited composers and performers such as John Cage, Ed Blackwell, Carlos Santana, Don Cherry, Anthony Braxton, and Carla Bley to give two-week workshop/performances with the students. The CMS was closed during the summers, but many of the students remained in Woodstock. Thompson organized jam sessions with these students. Out of these sessions Thompson formed his first orchestra and produced a series of concerts at the Woodstock Kleinert Gallery. The focus of the orchestra was on large-group, jazz-based improvisation. It was during these early days that Thompson began experimenting with signing. He created very basic gestures, asking for a long tone or improvisation in a pointillist style, for example. Thompson moved to New York City in 1980 and formed The Walter Thompson Orchestra (then called The Walter Thompson Big Band) in 1984. During the first year with his orchestra, while conducting a performance in Brooklyn, New York, Thompson needed to communicate with the orchestra in the middle of one of his compositions. They were performing a section of improvisation where Trumpet 2 was soloing. During the solo, Thompson wanted to have one of the other trumpet players create a background. Not wanting to emulate bandleaders who would yell or speak out loud to their orchestra, Thompson decided to use some of the signs he had experimented with during his Woodstock days. In the moment, he made up these signs: Trumpet 1, Background, With, 2-Measure, Feel; Watch Me, 4 Beats. He tried it, but the group did not respond. At the next rehearsal, members of his orchestra asked what the signing was about and he told them. With support of the Orchestra, Thompson continued to develop the language further. During the next 10 years, Thompson developed Soundpainting into a comprehensive sign language for creating live composition. He continued to develop new gestures, and in the early 1990s, Thompson expanded the Soundpainting language to include actors, dancers, poets, and visual artists. In the late 1990s, Mr. Thompson was invited by Dave Liebman and Ed Sareth to give a Soundpainting workshop at the IASJ Conference in Santiago de Compostela, Spain. This was the first time Mr. Thompson had shown Soundpainting to a European audience. Following the conference, there were many invitations to perform and teach Soundpainting. Most notable being an invitation from Francois Jeanneau to conduct a week-long workshop at the Conservatoire de Paris. Soundpainting is now being used in the professional and education arenas in many countries around the world. Between 1998 and 2014 more than 20 ensembles have been founded specially in France. These ensembles utilise Soundpainting as a creative tool and a way to devise a performance that may even engage the audience itself. Most of them include actors and dancers as well as musicians. In 2013 the first international ('mondial') festival of Soundpainting was held in Paris, in October, directed by the soundpainter François Cotinaud : (Soundpainting Festival ). It featured seven or eight ensembles, including those of Walter Thompson himself as well as Angelique Cormier's and Benjamin Nid's. In 2013 the International Soundpainting Federation (ISF) is founded in Lyon (France), for building University cursus of Soundpainting teaching. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Soundpainting」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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