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Spartacus ((ギリシア語:Σπάρτακος) '; 111–71 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who, along with the Gauls Crixus, Oenomaus, Castus and Gannicus, was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Little is known about Spartacus beyond the events of the war, and surviving historical accounts are sometimes contradictory and may not always be reliable. However, all sources agree that he was a former gladiator and an accomplished military leader. This rebellion, interpreted by some as an example of oppressed people fighting for their freedom against a slave-owning oligarchy, has provided inspiration for many political thinkers, and has been featured in literature, television, and film. Although this is not contradicted by classical historians, no historical account mentions that the goal was to end slavery in the Republic, nor do any of the actions of the rebel leaders, who themselves committed numerous atrocities, seem specifically aimed at ending slavery. ==Origins== The Greek essayist Plutarch describes Spartacus as "a Thracian of Nomadic stock",〔(Plutarch, ''Crassus'' 8 )〕 in a possible reference to the Maedi tribe. Appian says he was "a Thracian by birth, who had once served as a soldier with the Romans, but had since been a prisoner and sold for a gladiator".〔Appian, ''Civil Wars'' (1.116 )〕 Florus (2.8.8) described him as one "who, from a Thracian mercenary, had become a Roman soldier, that had deserted and became enslaved, and afterward, from consideration of his strength, a gladiator".〔Florus, ''Epitome of Roman History'' 2.8〕 The authors refer to the Thracian tribe of the Maedi, which occupied the area on the southwestern fringes of Thrace, along its border with the Roman province of Macedonia - present day south-western Bulgaria. Plutarch also writes that Spartacus' wife, a prophetess of the Maedi tribe, was enslaved with him. The name Spartacus is otherwise attested in the Black Sea region. Kings of the Thracian dynasty of the Cimmerian Bosporus〔Diodorus Siculus, ''Historical Library'' (Book 12 )〕 and Pontus〔Diodorus Siculus, ''Historical Library'' (Book 16 )〕 are known to have borne it, and a Thracian "Sparta" "Spardacus"〔Theucidides, ''History of the Peloponnesian War'' 2.101〕 or "Sparadokos",〔(Tribes, Dynasts and Kingdoms of Northern Greece: History and Numismatics )〕 father of Seuthes I of the Odrysae, is also known. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spartacus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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