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Sphaerotholus
''Sphaerotholus'' is a genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of the western United States and Canada. To date, three species have been described: the type species, ''S. goodwini'', from the Den-na-zin Member of the Kirtland Formation (Late Campanian) of San Juan County, New Mexico, USA; ''S. buchholtzae'', from the Hell Creek Formation (Late Maastrichtian) of western Carter County, Montana, USA; and ''S. edmontonense'', from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta, Canada. The etymology of ''Sphaerotholus'' is a combination of the Greek ''sphaira'', meaning "ball", and ''tholos'', meaning "dome", and is a reference to the characteristically dome-shaped pachycephalosaurian skull. The survival of ''Sphaerotholus'' from the Campanian of New Mexico to the end of the Maastrichtian of Montana demonstrates that this taxon had both a relatively long duration (approximately 7-8 million years) and a widespread distribution. Williamson and Carr, who first described the genus in 2002, diagnose it as follows: "Differs from all other pachycephalosaurids where known in the possession of a parietosquamosal bar that decreases in depth laterally as seen in caudal view and is bordered by a single row of nodes and one lateroventral corner node." ''Sphaerotholus'' is considered a highly derived pachycephalosaur.〔Carr, T. E. and Williamson, T. D. 2002. "A new genus of highly derived pachycephalosaurian from western North America". ''Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology'' 22(4):779-801.〕
==Species==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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