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:''The unrelated scurvy-grass sorrel (''Oxalis enneaphylla'') is sometimes simply called "scurvygrass".'' :''For the Roman era spoons see Cochlearia (spoon)'' Scurvy-grass (''Cochlearia'' species; also called scurvy grass, scurvygrass, or spoonwort) is a genus of about 30 species of annual and perennial herbs in the cabbage family Brassicaceae. They are widely distributed in temperate and arctic areas of the northern hemisphere, most commonly found in coastal regions, on cliff-tops and salt marshes where their high tolerance of salt enables them to avoid competition from larger, but less salt-tolerant plants; they also occur in alpine habitats in mountains and tundra. They form low, rounded or creeping plants, typically 5–20 cm tall. The leaves are smoothly rounded, roughly spoon-shaped (the scientific name ''Cochlearia'' derives from the Latinized form, ''cocleare'', of the Greek κοχλιάριον, ''kokhliárion'', a spoon; this a diminutive of κόχλος, ''kókhlos'', seashell), or in some species, lobed; typically 1–5 cm long, and with a fleshy texture. The flowers are white with four petals and are borne in short racemes. ==Selected species== About 30 species are usually accepted; several others usually treated as subspecies of ''C. officinalis'' are accepted as distinct species by some botanists. *''Cochlearia acutangula'' *''Cochlearia aestuaria'' – Estuarine scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia alatipes'' *''Cochlearia anglica'' – English scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia aragonensis'' *''Cochlearia changhuaensis'' *''Cochlearia cyclocarpa'' – Roundfruit scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia danica'' – Early or Danish scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia fenestrata'' – Arctic scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia formosana'' *''Cochlearia fumarioides'' *''Cochlearia furcatopilosa'' *''Cochlearia glastifolia'' *''Cochlearia groenlandica'' – Greenland scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia henryi'' *''Cochlearia hui'' *''Cochlearia lichuanensis'' *''Cochlearia longistyla'' *''Cochlearia megalosperma'' *''Cochlearia microcarpa'' *''Cochlearia oblongifolia'' – East Asian scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia officinalis'' – Common scurvy-grass (including ''C. excelsa'', ''C. pyrenaica'', ''C. scotica'')〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cochlearia officinalis Scurvy Grass, Spoonwort PFAF Plant Database )〕 *''Cochlearia paradoxa'' *''Cochlearia rivulorum'' *''Cochlearia rupicola'' *''Cochlearia sessilifolia'' – Sessile-leaved or Alaskan scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia sinuata'' *''Cochlearia tatrae'' *''Cochlearia tridactylites'' – Three-fingered scurvy-grass *''Cochlearia warburgii'' Two species formerly included in the genus ''Cochlearia'' are now usually treated in separate genera: * Horseradish ''Armoracia rusticana'' (previously ''Cochlearia armoracia'') * Wasabi ''Wasabia japonica'' (previously ''Cochlearia wasabi'') Cook's scurvy grass, ''Lepidium oleraceum'', was used by James Cook to prevent scurvy, but is now almost extinct.() 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cochlearia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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