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Sprechbund
A sprechbund (; , "speech bond") refers to "shared ways of speaking which go beyond language boundaries" (Romaine, 1994:23). Thus people speaking different languages can share certain linguistic characteristics.
This is a particularly useful concept for describing, for example, hip-hop music. Hip-hop has a number of defining characteristics including musical style, clothing, and association with minorities. It also has a number of defining linguistic characteristics like rapping, rhyme and human beatboxing. These are essentially linguistic features, but they can be used in any language – even genetically unrelated languages. Their combined use in different languages allows a kind of universal "language of hip-hop".
The sprechbund is to be contrasted with the sprachbund, which refers to "relatedness at the level of linguistic form" (Romaine 1994:23). A sprachbund (Norwegian ') is a group of languages that have become structurally similar in some way because of geographical proximity. As the names suggest, sprechbund is about speech, and how language is produced; sprachbund is about the underlying structure of language.
==References==
* Romaine, Suzanne. 1994. ''Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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