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Spurdog
''Squalus'' is a large genus of dogfish sharks, one of two genera in the family Squalidae. Commonly known as spurdogs, these sharks are characterized by smooth dorsal fin spines, teeth in upper and lower jaws similar in size, caudal peduncle with lateral keels; upper precaudal pit usually present, and caudal fin without subterminal notch.
The name comes from ''squalus'', the Latin for shark; this word is the root for numerous words related to sharks such as squaline, and scientific names for sharks, such as the order Squaliformes.
== Jaw Protrusion ==
In spurdogs, the hyomandibula (the bone connecting the braincase to the jaws) is oriented at a right angle to the neurocranium while in other sharks the hyomandibula runs more parallel to the body. This led some to think that the upper jaw of ''Squalus'' would not be as protractile as the jaws of other sharks. However, a study that compared different jaw suspension types in sharks showed that this is not the case and that ''Squalus'' is quite capable of protruding its upper jaw during feeding.〔Wilga, Cheryl D., Philip J. Motta, and Christopher P. Sanford. "Evolution and ecology of feeding in elasmobranchs." ''Integrative and Comparative Biology''47.1 (2007): 55-69.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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