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Princess Srinagarindra ((タイ語:ศรีนครินทรา); ; 21 October 1900 – 18 July 1995) née Sangwan Talapat ((タイ語:สังวาลย์ ตะละภัฏ); ) was a member of the Thai Royal Family and was a member of House of Mahidol, which is descended from Chakri Dynasty, originated by Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, the Prince of Songkla, son of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). She was the mother of Princess Galyani Vadhana, the Princess of Naradhiwas, King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII), and King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX). Her given name was Sangwan ((タイ語:สังวาลย์)), while her formal name and title were Somdet Phra Srinagarindra Boromarajajonani ((タイ語:สมเด็จพระศรีนครินทราบรมราชชนนี)). In Thailand, she was affectionately called Somdet Ya ((タイ語:สมเด็จย่า)), "the Royal Grandmother". By the various hill tribe people, to whom she was a special patron, she was called ''Mae Fah Luang'' ((タイ語:แม่ฟ้าหลวง)), "Royal Mother from the Sky" or "The Heavenly Royal Mother". ==Early life and background== Princess Srinagarindra was born Sangwan Chukramol on 21 October 1900, in Nonthaburi Province. She was the third of four children; her elder brother and sister died while they were still young. By the time she was 9 years old, she had also lost both her parents–her mother having possibly been of Lao descent–and had only one remaining sibling, a younger brother named ''Thomya''. Her aunt, ''Suay'', who earned a living by making sweets and rolling cigarettes, became her guardian. In those days, women had less opportunities in finding a job, with many being housewives. Because of this, very few women could read, such as Sangwan's mother who taught her daughter those skills. With these elementary skills, she enrolled at the all-girls school of Wat Anongkharam, the nearby temple whose abbot recognised the need for girls to have an education. She then studied at Suksanari, leaving after only a month due to lack of tuition. She maintained her reading habits by regularly visiting her aunt’s friend, who ran a library of books for rent. She read up on Thai classics, such as ''Inao'', ''Phra Aphai Mani'', and ''Sangsinchai''. At the suggestion of a relative, the young Sangwan was sent to live with Chan Saeng-xuto, another relative and a nanny to Princess Valaya Alongkorn, the Princess of Petchaburi, daughter of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) and Queen Savang Vadhana (later Queen Sri Savarindira, the Queen Grandmother). At the age of seven, that the young Sangwan found herself presented to the royal court in the manner deemed proper for young Thai girls with the right connections and opportunities. Her only duty at that time was to present herself at a twice-daily audience with the Princess – when she woke up and again in the evening. Every now and then, she would join the Princess’ entourage when she went for an audience with her mother, Queen Savang Vadhana at Suan Hongsa Royal Villa, in the grounds of Dusit Palace. Shortly afterwards, she was sent to Satri Wittaya School, while she lived with Huan Hongsakul, the nanny of Prince Mahidol Adulyadej, the Prince of Songkla, the younger brother of Princess Valaya Alongkorn. After an accident with a sewing needle, Sangwan was sent to Lord (Phraya) Damrong Baedyakhun, the court physician for surgery. She stayed at his house, while continuing her schooling at Satri Wittaya School. Sensing that she was feeling listless and unhappy, the good doctor enquired whether she would be interested in studying nursing, and she answered at once that indeed she would be. With her options being limited and after six years of school, she as a young girl had no other choice for further education but to become a teacher. Siriraj Hospital had opened a school of midwifery and nursing, but despite the minimum requirement of being able to read and write, had not been able to attract many students. To add further incentive, each student was paid 15 baht per month, sufficient to live on for the entire month. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Srinagarindra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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