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Stacte
Stacte ((ギリシア語:στακτή, ''staktḗ'')) or nataph (, ''nataf'') are names used for one component of the Solomon's Temple incense, the Ketoret, discussed in Exodus 30:34. Variously translated to the Greek term (AMP: ) or to an unspecified "gum resin" or similar (NIV: ), it was to be mixed in equal parts with ''onycha'' (prepared from certain vegetable resins or seashells parts), galbanum and mixed with pure frankincense and they were to "beat some of it very small"〔Exodus 30:36a,KJV〕 for burning on the altar of the tabernacle.
This incense was considered restricted for sacred purposes honoring Yahweh; the trivial or profane use of it was punishable by exile, as laid out in (KJV)
The Hebrew word nataf means "drop", corresponding to "drops of water" (Job 36:27). The Septuagint translates ''nataf'' as ''stacte'', a Greek word meaning "an oozing substance," which refers to various viscous liquids, including myrrh.〔Gill Marks, Ki Tisa, the sweet smell of success, Shemen haMischa, http://www.gilmarks.com/1215.html〕
Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel explained, "Stacte is simply the sap that drips from the tapping of the wood of the balsam tree" (Kerithot 6a). It is not exactly clear from what plant ''nataf'' was derived. It might have been a myrrh extract of the highest grade, the resin of Styrax officinalis, the resin of Styrax benzoin (a close relative of and of the same genus as Styrax Officinalis), or even storax, the resin of Turkish Sweetgum (''Liquidambar orientalis'').〔Encyclopædia Britannica (1911), ISBE (1915), Bible Encyclopedia.net (2007)〕
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