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Stegomastodon
''Stegomastodon'' ('roof breast tooth') is an extinct genus of gomphothere, a family of proboscideans. It is not to be confused with the genus ''Mammut'' from a different proboscidean family, whose members are commonly called "mastodons", nor with the genus ''Stegodon'', from yet another proboscidean subfamily, whose members are commonly called "stegodonts".
==Description==
''Stegomastodon mirificus'' is known from NMNH 10707, a 30-year-old male known from most of a skeleton. It was tall, with a weight around . Like modern elephants, but unlike most of its closer relatives, it had just two tusks. These tusks curved upward and were about long. ''Stegomastodons molars were covered in enamel and had a complex pattern of ridges and knobbly protrusions on them, giving the creature a large chewing surface that enabled it to eat grass. Its brain weighed about .
It lived in North and South America. The two South American species arrived following the Great American Interchange. They were initially mixed feeders; ''S. waringi'' evolved toward grazing, while ''S. platensis'' evolved toward browsing. The ''Stegomastodon'' species occupied warmer, lower-altitude habitats east of the Andes, while the related gomphothere ''Cuvieronius hyodon'' occupied cooler, higher-altitude habitats.〔 It has been C14 dated to as recently as 6,060 BP in Yumbo, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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