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Stokvels are invitation only clubs of twelve or more people serving as rotating credit unions or saving scheme in South Africa where members contribute fixed sums of money to a central fund on a weekly, fortnightly or monthly basis.The name “stokvel” originated from the term “stock fairs”, as the rotating cattle auctions of English settlers in the Eastern Cape during the early 19th century were known.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dgrvsa.co.za/Publications/The%20Stokvel%20Sector%20in%20South%20Africa.pdf )〕〔http://www.women24.com/CareersAndMoney/Money/Starting-a-stokvel-20090907〕 Stokvels generally have a constitution which dictates the size of the contributions, when the accumulated money is to be paid out and the roles and responsibilities of the members.〔http://durban.thebeehive.org/content/39/1344〕 Each month a different member receives the money in the fund, which was collected during that period. Defaults on contribution are quite rare as other members will know if you haven’t paid your contribution, and also because the regular meetings are a reminder of what you will gain when it is your turn. Depending on the type of stokvels, the members can use the collected fund for their own use, for payment or investment purposes. It is estimated that one in every two black adult South Africans is a member of at least one of 89 000 stokvels. Black adult South Africans invest approximately R12 billion in stokvels a year.〔http://www.dgrvsa.co.za/Publications/The%20Stokvel%20Sector%20in%20South%20Africa.pdf〕 ==Different Types of Stokvels〔http://www.dgrvsa.co.za/Publications/The%20Stokvel%20Sector%20in%20South%20Africa.pdf〕== ;Contribution Stokvels :Traditional savings scheme in which members contribute a fixed amount of money to a common pool weekly, fortnightly or monthly. Members would receive the lump sum on a rotational basis, and they are free to use the money for any purpose. ;Basic Stokvels :Differ from the contributions stokvel in that it functions as a savings scheme that pays out for specific events, such as for a death, or at Christmas. ;Grocery Stokvels :Collects the grocery or cash coupons that members receive from supermarket chains when they buy provisions for the stokvel parties throughout the year, and distributed these coupons at the end of the saving period. ;Purchasing Stokvels :Collects pool money on a regular basis and uses it to purchase big items that can be used by the group to generate an income for example, a marquee that could be rented out to the community for use on special occasions. ;Family Stokvels :Invest the pooled money in formal bank accounts or financial services. The money is paid out according to the needs of the family, but generally the funds are used for buying land or cars, for business investments, or for deposits on bank loans. ;Investment Group :Invests money in order to benefit from the interest. When an investment pays out, the money is split but, in some cases, part of it will be kept back for reinvestment. ;Party Stokvels :Arranges street or jazz parties, often with live entertainment. An entrance fee is charged, and food and drink is sold. Members then share in the profits. Some of these stokvels have grown into sophisticated businesses ;Borrowing Stokvels :Which loans money at high monthly interest rates (between 20% and 50%) to members and sub-members from its regular pool money. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stokvel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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