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Streptomycetaceae
Streptomycetaceae is a family of Actinobacteria, making up to the monotypic suborder Streptomycineae. It includes the important genus ''Streptomyces''. This was the original source of many antibiotics, namely streptomycin. Streptomycin was the first antibiotic against tuberculosis.
==Genomics==
Sequence alignments of actinobacterial genomes have led to the identification of 3 conserved signature indels which are unique to the order ''Streptomycetales''. The enzyme PBGD contains a 4 amino acid insertion which is present in all ''Streptomyces'' species and ''Kitasatospora setae'', but not any other ''Actinobacteria''. Similarly, a 1 amino acid insertion is present in a conserved region of adenylate kinase and is found in all ''Streptomyces'' species and '' K. setae'', but is not found in any other ''Actinobacteria''. 5 conserved signature proteins have also been identified which are present in various sequenced ''Streptomyces'' species but not in ''K. setae''; however, as the complete genome of ''K. setae'' has not yet been sequenced, it is possible that these proteins may be present in ''K. setae''. Additionally, 11 conserved signature proteins have been identified which are found in all sequenced ''Streptomyces'' species and ''K. setae''. It is believed that these proteins are unique to the ''Streptomycetales'' order and thus provide molecular markers which can be used to distinguish this group from the rest of the ''Actinobacteria''.
Phylogenetic trees indicate that the order ''Catenulisporales'' is closely related to the order ''Streptomycetales''. This inference is supported by a 1 amino acid conserved signature indel which is uniquely found in all ''Streptomycetales'' species and ''Catenulisporales acidiphilia'', the only ''Catenulisporales'' species whose complete genome has been sequenced. Additionally, 3 conserved signature proteins have been identified which are found in all ''Streptomycetales'' species and ''C. acidiphilia''. Both the conserved signature indel and the conserved signature proteins provide evidence that the orders ''Streptomycetales'' and ''Catenulisporales'' are closely related.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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