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Striguil
Striguil or Strigoil is the name which was used from the 11th century until the late 14th century, for the port and Norman castle of Chepstow, on the Welsh side of the River Wye which forms the boundary with England. The name was also applied to the Marcher lordship which controlled the area in the period between the Norman conquest and the formation of Monmouthshire under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542.
==Origins of the name==
The name—which was spelled in various alternative forms, including Estrighoiel and Strigoiel in the Domesday Book—probably derives from the Welsh word ''ystraigyl'' meaning 'a bend in the river'.〔 An alternative suggestion is that it derives from Welsh words ''ystre'', meaning boundary or dyke, and ''gwyl'', meaning watch or guard; a combined word ''ystregwyl'' could mean "well-guarded border (or dyke)", perhaps referring to the location's proximity to the southern end of Offa's Dyke.〔( Frank Olding, ''Editor's Note: Striguil'', Gwent Local History no.79, 1995, p.1 )〕
In the medieval period the town which grew up between the port, the castle, and the priory church became known as Chepstow, from the old English or Saxon ''ceap'' / ''chepe stowe'' meaning market place.〔Rick Turner and Andy Johnson (eds.), ''Chepstow Castle - its history and buildings'', 2006, ISBN 1-904396-52-6〕 The castle and lordship retained the name Striguil until about the 14th century, when they adopted the English name of the town. The lordship was also known, in some medieval documents, as Netherwent, that is the lower (southern) part of the former Welsh Kingdom of Gwent.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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