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Struthiomimus
''Struthiomimus'' (meaning "ostrich mimic", from the Greek στρούθειος/''stroutheios'' meaning "of the ostrich" and μῖμος/''mimos'' meaning "mimic" or "imitator") is a genus of ornithomimid dinosaurs from the late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada. Ornithomimids were long-legged, bipedal, ostrich-like dinosaurs with toothless beaks. The genus ''Struthiomimus'' currently contains three species.〔 The most well-known species, ''Struthiomimus altus'', is one of the more common small dinosaurs found in Dinosaur Provincial Park; its abundance suggests that these animals were herbivores or omnivores rather than pure carnivores.〔Barrett, Paul M. (2005). "( The diet of ostrich dinosaurs (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) )". ''Palaeontology'' 48 (2), 347–358. 〕
Like many other dinosaurs discovered in the 19th century, the history of the various ''Struthiomimus'' species is convoluted. The first known fossils of were named ''Ornithomimus sedens'' by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1892, and a subsequent species was named ''O. altus'' by Lawrence Lambe in 1902. Only in 1917 Henry Fairfield Osborn named ''Struthiomimus'' from fossils discovered in 1914 from the Red Deer River site in Alberta.
==Description==
All species of ''Struthiomimus'' had builds and skeletal structure typical of an ornithomimid, differing from closely related genera like ''Ornithomimus'' and ''Gallimimus'' in proportions and anatomical details. As with other ornithomimids, they had small slender heads on long necks (which made up about 40% of the length of the body in front of the hips).〔 Their eyes were large and their jaws were toothless. Their vertebral columns consisted of ten neck vertebrae, thirteen back vertebrae, six hip vertebrae, and about thirty-five tail vertebrae. Their tails were relatively stiff and probably used for balance. They had long slender arms and hands, with immobile forearm bones and limited opposability between the first finger and the other two. As in other ornithomimids but unusually among theropods, the three fingers were roughly the same length, and the claws were only slightly curved; Henry Fairfield Osborn, describing a skeleton of ''S. altus'' in 1917, compared the arm to that of a sloth.〔
''Struthiomimus'' differed from close relatives only in subtle aspects of anatomy. The edge of the upper beak was concave in ''Struthiomimus'', unlike ''Ornithomimus'', which had straight beak edges.〔 ''Struthiomimus'' had longer hands relative to the humerus than other ornithomimids, with particularly long claws.〔 Their forelimbs were more robust than in the similar ''Ornithomimus''.〔Longrich, N. (2008). "A new, large ornithomimid from the Cretaceous Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada: Implications for the study of dissociated dinosaur remains." ''Palaeontology'', 51(4): 983-997.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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