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In biological classification, the order ((ラテン語:ordo)) is # a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, family, genus, and species, with order fitting in between class and family. An immediately higher rank, superorder, may be added directly above order, while suborder would be a lower rank. # a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank. In that case the plural is orders (Latin ''ordines''). ::''Example'': The Juglans (walnut) and Hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae (or walnut family), which is placed in the order Fagales. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist. Similarly for the question if a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognised only rarely. For some groups of organisms, consistent suffixes are used to denote that the rank is an order. The Latin suffix ''-(i)formes'' meaning "having the form of" is used for the scientific name of orders of birds and fishes, but not for those of mammals and invertebrates. The suffix ''-ales'' is for the name of orders of vascular plants. ==Hierarchy of ranks== For some clades covered by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a number of additional classifications are sometimes used, although not all of these are officially recognised. In their 1997 classification of mammals, McKenna and Bell used two extra levels between superorder and order: "grandorder" and "mirorder". Michael Novacek (1986) inserted them at the same position. Michael Benton (2005) inserted them between superorder and magnorder instead.〔Benton, Michael J. 2005. ''Vertebrate Palaeontology'', 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 0-632-05637-1. ISBN 978-0-632-05637-8〕 This position was adopted by Systema Naturae 2000 and others. In botany, the ranks of subclass and suborder are secondary ranks pre-defined as respectively above and below the rank of order.〔 Article 4〕 Any number of further ranks can be used as long as they are clearly defined.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Order (biology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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