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Sukhumi or Sokhumi〔(American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. )〕 ((グルジア語:სოხუმი), ''Sokhumi''; (アブハズ語:Аҟәа), ''Aqwa''; , ''Sukhum'') is a city in western Georgia and the capital of Abkhazia, a disputed region on the Black Sea coast. The city suffered significant damage during the Georgian–Abkhazian conflict in the early 1990s. ==Naming== In Georgian, the city is known as (unicode:სოხუმი) (''Sokhumi'') or აყუ (''Aqu''),〔(Abkhaz Loans in Megrelian ), p. 65〕 in Megrelian as აყუჯიხა (''Aqujikha''),〔Otar Kajaia, 2001–2004, (Megrelian-Georgian Dictionary ) (entry ''aq'ujixa'').〕 and in Russian as (unicode:Сухум) (''Sukhum'') or (unicode:Сухуми) (''Sukhumi''). The toponym Sokhumi derives from the Georgian word Tskhomi/Tskhumi, meaning ''beech''. It is significant, that "dia" in several dialects of the Georgian language and among them in Megrelian means mother and "skuri" means water.〔http://www.nplg.gov.ge/dlibrary/collect/0001/001021/Abxazia.pdf〕 In Abkhaz, the city is known as (unicode:Аҟәа) (''Aqwa'') which according to native tradition signifies ''water''. In the ancient Greek sources (Pseudo-Skilak of Kariand- IV c. B. C. ) the city is referred to as Dioscurias. According to the antique traditions this name originates from the mythical ''Dioskouri'', the twin brothers Castor and Pollux, sons of Zeus. It was believed that the town had been established by Castor's and Pollux's coachmen, the Argonauts Telkius and Amphyst. However the names of the town may simply be the Greek comprehension of the old Georgian word combination. The medieval Georgian sources knew the town as ''Tskhumi'' (ცხუმი).〔(''Vita Sanctae Ninonis'' ). TITUS Old Georgian hagiographical and homiletic texts: Part No. 39〕〔(''Martyrium David et Constantini'' ). TITUS Old Georgian hagiographical and homiletic texts: Part No. 41〕〔(''Kartlis Cxovreba'': Part No. 233 ). TITUS〕 Later, under the Ottoman control, the town was known in Turkish as ''Suhum-Kale'', which can be derived from the earlier Georgian form Tskhumi or can be read to mean 'water-sand fortress'.〔(Abkhazeti.info ) 〕 Tskhumi in turn is supposed to be derived from the Svan language word for 'hot',〔 or the Georgian word for 'hornbeam tree'. The ending -i in the above forms represents the Georgian nominative-suffix. The town was initially officially described in Russian as (unicode:Сухум) (''Sukhum''), until 16 August 1936 when this was changed to (unicode:Сухуми) (''Sukhumi''). This remained so until 4 December 1992, when the Supreme Council of Abkhazia restored the original version,〔(RRC.ge ) 〕 that was approved in Russia in autumn 2008,〔(Абхазию и Южную Осетию на картах в РФ выкрасят в "негрузинские" цвета )〕 even though (unicode:Сухуми) is also still being used. In English, the most common form today is ''Sukhumi'', although ''Sokhumi'' is used as well by the sources such as ''Encyclopædia Britannica'',〔"Sokhumi". (2006). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 6 November 2006, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online: (Britannica.com )〕 ''MSN Encarta'',〔"Sokhumi". (2006). In Encarta. Retrieved 6 November 2006: (Encarta.msn.com )〕 and Google Maps. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sukhumi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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