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Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ or SMX), is an antibiotic. It was used for bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections, bronchitis, and prostatitis and is effective against both gram negative and positive bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes and E. coli.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01015 )〕 Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and a rash. It is a sulfonamide and bacteriostatic. It was introduced to the United States in 1961 and is discontinued.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01015 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm?fuseaction=Search.Overview&DrugName=SULFAMETHOXAZOLE )〕 It is now commonly used as part of a combination with trimethoprim (abbreviated SMX-TMP).〔SMZ-TMP in (Abstract of "Cutaneous hypersensitivity to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SMZ TMP) in HIV infected patients" ) at nlm.nih.gov〕 Other names include: sulfamethalazole, sulfisomezole,〔PubChem. ("Sulfamethoxazole - Substance Summary" ), ''PubChem'', National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH)〕〔ChemDB. ("Sulfamethoxazole" ), ''ChemDB'', National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH)〕 and sulfamethazole.〔Sulfamethazole in ("Clinical Diabetes: Case Study: A 90-Year-Old Man With Confusion and Night Sweats" ), and ("Chronic Granulomatous Disease" )〕 ==Side effects== The most common side effect Allergic reactions to Sulfonamides have been shown to include the entire Gel-Coombs spectrum of hyperactivity reactions. Type 1 reactions include immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions such as urticaria, angioedema, and anaphylaxis. In contrast, non-type 1 hypersensitivities are believed to be caused by metabolites of sulfonamides. Therefore, the liver and kidney are the determining factors of these other hypersensitivity reactions; alterations in kidney or liver functions may increase or decrease the frequencies of these reactions. One study has shown the allergic reaction rate to be about 3.0% over 359 courses of therapy. Of the allergic reactions, skin rashes, eosinophilia and drug fever were the most common, while serious reactions were less common. Sulfamethoxazole is contraindicated in people with a known hypersensitivity to trimethoprim or sulfonamides. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sulfamethoxazole」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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