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Sulfanilamide (also spelled sulphanilamide) is a sulfonamide antibacterial. Chemically, it is an organic compound consisting of an aniline derivitized with a sulfonamide group. Powdered sulfanilamide was used by the Allies in WWII to reduce infection rates and contributed to a dramatic reduction in mortality rates compared to previous wars.〔http://www.mtaofnj.org/content/WWII%20Combat%20Medic%20-%20Dave%20Steinert/wwii.htm#The%20Use%20of%20Sulfanilamide%20in%20World%20War%20II〕〔http://www.med-dept.com/sulfa.php〕 Modern antibiotics have supplanted sulfanilamide on the battlefield; however, sulfanilamide remains in use for treatment of vaginal yeast infections.〔http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=5333〕 The term "sulfanilamides" is also used to describe a family of molecules containing these functional groups. Examples include: * Furosemide, a loop diuretic * Sulfadiazine, an antibiotic * Sulfamethoxazole, an antibiotic ==Mechanism of action== As a sulfonamide antibiotic, sulfanilamide functions by competitively inhibiting (i.e., by acting as a substrate analogue) enzymatic reactions involving para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).〔Michael Kent, ''Advanced Biology,'' Oxford University Press, 2000, p. 46 ISBN 978-0-19-914195-1〕 PABA is needed in enzymatic reactions that produce folic acid, which acts as a coenzyme in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines. Mammals do not synthesize their own folic acid so are unaffected by PABA inhibitors, which selectively kill bacteria. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sulfanilamide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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