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Superdiversity, or super-diversity, is a social science term and concept often said to have been coined by sociologist Steven Vertovec in a 2007 article in ''Ethnic and Racial Studies'',〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ethnic and Racial Studies : Volume 30, Issue 6, 2007 (Special Issue): ‘New Directions in the Anthropology of Migration and Multiculturalism’ )〕 but which he first used in a BBC article in 2005. It is used to refer to some current levels of population diversity that are significantly higher than before. Vertovec argues superdiversity in Britain 'is distinguished by a dynamic interplay of variables among an increased number of new, small and scattered, multiple-origin, transnationally connected, socio-economically differentiated and legally stratified immigrants who have arrived over the last decade.'〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ethnic and Racial Studies : Volume 30, Issue 6, 2007 (Special Issue): ‘New Directions in the Anthropology of Migration and Multiculturalism’ )〕 It denotes increased diversity not only between immigrant and ethnic minority groups, but also within them. It has also been called the 'diversification of diversity.'〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.todayonline.com/daily-focus/education/recognise-superdiversity-spore-overcome-stereotyping )〕 Vertovec gives the example of Somalis in the United Kingdom, arguing that the Somali community includes British citizens, refugees and asylum-seekers, people granted exceptional leave to remain, undocumented migrants, and secondary migrants from other European states.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ethnic and Racial Studies : Volume 30, Issue 6, 2007 (Special Issue): ‘New Directions in the Anthropology of Migration and Multiculturalism’ )〕 Parveen Akhtar, a sociologist at the University of Bradford, argues that the UK is no longer characterized by diversity but by superdiversity: 'Post-1945 you had large waves of immigration from fewer places in the world, largely from the former colonies. Now, since the 1980s, you’ve got smaller waves of immigration from a wider range of places.'〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/oct/08/immigration-britains-changing-identity )〕 Key researchers working on superdiversity include Vertovec, Jan Blommaert and Jenny Phillimore. The University of Birmingham established the Institute for Research into Superdiversity in 2013. The Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity in Gottingen is also an important centre for superdiversity research. New Zealand's a "Superdiversity Stocktake: Impact on Business, Government and on New Zealand" was launched in November 2015 and sponsored by banks, companies, the Human Rights Commission, and the Ministry of Education. A study on "Implications of Superdiversity for NZ’s Electoral Laws and Democracy" was also launched. Both projects were carried out by the Superdiversity Centre for Law, Policy and Business in New Zealand, which describes itself as "a multidisciplinary centre specialising in analysing the law, policy and business implications of New Zealand’s superdiversity".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chenpalmer.com/superdiversity/ )〕 Its patron is Sir Anand Satyanand and its chair is Mai Chen. According to Fran Meissner and Steven Vertovec, writing in 2015, the concept of superdiversity has been the subject of "considerable attention" since Vertovec introduced it in 2005. They note that Vertovec's 2007 article in ''Ethnic and Racial Studies'' is the most cited article in the history of the journal. The concept has started to have an impact on the fields of sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Superdiversity」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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