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Superprofit (or ''surplus profit'' or ''extra surplus-value''; in German: ''extra-Mehrwert''), is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, subsequently elaborated by Lenin and other Marxist thinkers. ==The origin of the concept in Marx's Capital== The term "superprofit" (extra surplus-value) was first used by Karl Marx in Das Kapital. It referred basically to above-average enterprise profits, arising in three main situations: *technologically advanced firms operating at above average productivity in a competitive, growing market. *under conditions of declining demand, only firms with above-average productivity would obtain the previous socially average profit rate; the rest would book lower profits. *monopolies of resources or technologies, yielding what are effectively land rents, mining rents, or technological rents. We could - although Marx does not discuss this in detail (beyond referring to international productivity differentials in the world economy) - also include a fourth case, namely superprofits arising from structural unequal exchange in the world economy. In this case, superprofit arises simply through buying products cheaply in one place and selling them at a much higher price elsewhere, yielding an above-average profit margin. This type of superprofit may not be attributable to extra productivity or monopoly conditions, and represent only a transfer of value from one place to another. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Superprofit」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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