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Svātantrya (from the Sanskrit ''sva'' meaning ''self'' and ''tantram'' meaning ''dependence''〔Siva Sutras – Jaideva Singh, p. 9〕 – 'self-dependency', or 'free will') is the Kashmiri Shaivite concept of divine sovereignty. ''Svātantrya'' is described as an energy that emanates from the Supreme (''Paramaśiva''),〔Siva Sutras – Jaideva Singh, p. 10〕 a wave of motion inside consciousness (''spanda'') that acts as the fundament of the world,〔Siva Sutras – Jaideva Singh, p. 262〕 or in another view, the original word (logos, pārāvak).〔Pratyabhijnahrdayam – J. Singh, p. 16〕 It does not use any external instrument〔The Pratyabhijna Philosophy – G.V. Tagare, p. 10〕 as it itself is the first stage of creation. In antithesis with the Vedantic concept of Brahman, which is a mere conscious witness without effective power, being inflicted with the illusion (or ''maya'') of the world by an external force, in the Kashmiri Shaivite viewpoint creation is actively willed into existence by the supreme consciousness (''Śiva'') by the means of his irresistible will-force (''Svātantrya'').〔 This is an important aspect of the Pratyabhijna school of ''Kashmir Shaivism''. ''Svātantrya'' is a concept that goes to the root of many spiritual matters in Kashmir Shaivism,〔The Mirror of Self-Supremacy or Svatantrya-Darpana – B.N. Pandit, p. 11〕 like, the divine sovereignty of ''Śiva'' (God),〔History of Kashmir Saivism – B.N. Pandit, p. 86〕 consciousness (''caitanya''), creative power (''vimarśa''), mantric efficiency and ''Kundalini''. ==Divine sovereignty== In its acception of divine sovereignty, ''svātantrya'' is described as an absolute power of action, or, absolute power of freedom.〔The Trika Saivism of Kashmir – M.L. Pandit, p. 183〕 This power arises from the mirror-like ability of the supreme consciousness (''caitanya'') to contain images (''vimarśa'')〔〔Triadic mysticism – P.E. Murphy, p. 199〕 – the whole universe being a mere image shining inside this unique god-consciousness. ''Svātantrya'' has a number of traditional attributes such as: perfect fullness (of the energy of will),〔Vac – Andre Padoux, p. 247〕 self-sufficiency,〔Pratyabhijnahrdayam – J. Singh, p. 7〕 autodetermination,〔〔Shiva Sutras – Swami Lakshmanjoo, p. 12〕 the power of doing and undoing – essence of the subject,〔Shiva Sutras – Swami Lakshmanjoo, p. 219〕 supreme creativity,〔 sovereignty,〔 source of knowledge (''jñāna'') and action (''kriyā'')〔 and being beyond contradictions:〔Pratyabhijnahrdayam – J. Singh, p. 122〕 it exists beyond laws of any kind and is the source of all laws in the universe. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Svatantrya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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