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| common_name = Sweden | image_flag = Flag of Sweden.svg | image_coat = Greater coat of arms of Sweden.svg | symbol_type = Greater coat of arms | image_map = EU-Sweden.svg | map_caption = | national_motto = "" | national_anthem = ' | royal_anthem = ' | official_languages = Swedish | ethnic_groups = no official statistics | demonym = | capital = Stockholm | latd=59 |latm=21 |latNS=N |longd=18 |longm=4 |longEW=E | largest_city = capital | government_type = | leader_title1 = King | leader_name1 = Carl XVI Gustaf | leader_title2 = Speaker | leader_name2 = Urban Ahlin | leader_title3 = Prime Minister | leader_name3 = Stefan Löfven | leader_title4 = Marshal of the Realm | leader_name4 = Svante Lindqvist | legislature = Riksdag | sovereignty_type = History | established_event1 = A unified Swedish kingdom established | established_date1 = By early 12th century | established_event2=Part of Kalmar Union |established_date2= 1397–1523 | established_event3=Part of Swedish-Norwegian Union |established_date3=4 November 1814 – August 1905 | EUseats = 19 | area_rank = 55th | area_magnitude = 1 E+11 | area_km2 = 450,295 | area_sq_mi = 175,896 | percent_water = 8.7 | population_estimate = 9,816,666〔 | population_estimate_year = August 2015 | population_estimate_rank = 90th | population_census =9,658,301 | population_census_year = 2013 | population_density_km2 = 21.5 | population_density_sq_mi = 55.6 | population_density_rank = 194th | GDP_PPP = | GDP_PPP_rank = 34th | GDP_PPP_year = 2015 | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $47,319〔 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 14th | GDP_nominal = | GDP_nominal_rank = 21st | GDP_nominal_year = 2015 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $48,966〔 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 7th | Gini_year = 2015 | Gini_change = increase | Gini = 25.4 | Gini_ref = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12 )〕 | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = decrease | HDI = 0.898 | HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = 12th | currency = Swedish krona | currency_code = SEK | country_code = SWE | time_zone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | time_zone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | date_format = yyyy-mm-dd | drives_on = right | calling_code = 46 | cctld = .se | footnote_a = "" has been adopted by Carl XVI Gustaf as his personal motto. | footnote_b = ' has never been officially adopted as national anthem, but is so by convention. | footnote_c = Since 1 July 2009.〔〔 Five other languages are officially recognised as minority languages: Finnish, Meänkieli, Romani, Sami, and Yiddish. The Swedish Sign Language also has a special status. | footnote_d = , approximately 27% of the population had a full or partial foreign background.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Summary of Population Statistics 1960–2012 )〕〔Note that Swedish-speaking Finns or other Swedish-speakers born outside Sweden might identify as ''Swedish'' despite being born abroad. Moreover, people born in Sweden may not be ethnic Swedes. As the Swedish government does not base any statistics on ethnicity, there are no exact numbers on the ethnic background of migrants and their descendants in Sweden. This is not, however, to be confused with migrants' national backgrounds, which are recorded.〕 | footnote_e = Since 3 September 1967. | footnote_f = The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states. }} Sweden ( ; (スウェーデン語:Sverige) ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway and Finland, and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of over 9.8 million.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population Statistics )〕 Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.〔''Yearbook of Housing and Building Statistics 2007''〕 Southern Sweden is predominantly agricultural, while the north is heavily forested. Sweden is part of the geographical area of Fennoscandia. Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats/Götar and Swedes/Svear and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen. Sweden emerged as an independent and unified country during the Middle Ages. In the 17th century, it expanded its territories to form the Swedish Empire, which became one of the great powers of Europe until the early 18th century. Swedish territories outside the Scandinavian Peninsula were gradually lost during the 18th and 19th centuries, beginning with the annexation of present-day Finland by Russia in 1809. The last war in which Sweden was directly involved was in 1814, when Norway was militarily forced into personal union. Since then, Sweden has been at peace, maintaining an official policy of neutrality in foreign affairs. The union with Norway was peacefully dissolved in 1905, leading to Sweden's current borders. Though it was formally neutral through both world wars, Sweden engaged in humanitarian efforts, such as taking in refugees from German-occupied Europe. After the end of the Cold War, Sweden joined the European Union on 1January 1995, but declined NATO membership. Today, Sweden is a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy, with the Monarch as the head of state. The capital city is Stockholm, which is also the most populous city in the country. Legislative power is vested in the 349-member unicameral ''Riksdag''. Executive power is exercised by the Government, chaired by the Prime Minister. Sweden is a unitary state, currently divided into 21 counties and 290 municipalities. Sweden maintains a Nordic social welfare system that provides universal health care and tertiary education for its citizens. It has the world's eighth-highest per capita income and ranks highly in numerous metrics of national performance, including quality of life, health, education, protection of civil liberties, economic competitiveness, equality, prosperity and human development.〔Kavitha A. Davidson (21 March 2013). (Democracy Index 2013: Global Democracy At A Standstill, The Economist Intelligence Unit's Annual Report Shows ). ''The Huffington Post.'' Retrieved 27 August 2013.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2013 Human Development Report )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/#/11111111111 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2013 Legatum Prosperity Index™: Global prosperity rising while US and UK economies decline )〕〔 Sweden has been a member of the European Union since 1 January 1995, but declined Eurozone membership following a referendum. It is also a member of the United Nations, the Nordic Council, Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). == Etymology == (詳細はback-formation from Old English ''Swēoþēod'', which meant "people of the Swedes" (Old Norse ''Svíþjóð'', Latin ''Suetidi''). This word is derived from ''Sweon/Sweonas'' (Old Norse ''Sviar'', Latin S''uiones''). The Swedish name ''Sverige'' (a compound of the words ''Svea'' and ''Rike'', with lenition of the consonant (), first recorded in the cognate ''Swēorice'' in Beowulf) literally means "Kingdom of the Swedes", excluding the Geats in Götaland. Variations of the name ''Sweden'' are used in most languages, with the exception of Danish and Norwegian using ''Sverige'', Faroese ''Svøríki'', Icelandic ''Svíþjóð'', and the more notable exception of some Finnic languages where ''Ruotsi'' (Finnish) and ''Rootsi'' (Estonian) are used, names commonly considered etymologically related to the English name for Russia, referring to the people, ''Rus''', originally from the coastal areas of Roslagen, Uppland. The etymology of ''Swedes'', and thus ''Sweden'', is generally not agreed upon but may derive from Proto-Germanic ''Swihoniz'' meaning "one's own", referring to one's own Germanic tribe. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sweden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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