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The Swiss ((ドイツ語:die Schweizer), (フランス語:les Suisses), (イタリア語:gli Svizzeri), (ロマンシュ語:ils Svizzers)) are citizens or natives of Switzerland.〔The term is sometimes extended to include the descendants of Swiss emigrant, see e.g. . Conversely, being born in Switzerland does not give an individual Swiss citizenship automatically (there are three levels of ''alien citizens'' status in Switzerland), so that there are numerous second generation legal aliens who are technically "natives of Switzerland" without being considered Swiss.〕 The demonym derives from the toponym of ''Schwyz'' and has been in widespread use to refer to the Old Swiss Confederacy since the 16th century. Although the Swiss Confederation, the modern state of Switzerland, originated in 1848, the period of romantic nationalism, it is not a nation-state, and the Swiss are not usually considered to form a single ethnic group, but a confederacy (''Eidgenossenschaft'') or ''Willensnation'' ("nation of will", "nation by choice", that is, a consociational state), a term coined in conscious contrast to "nation" in the conventionally linguistic or ethnic sense of the term.〔Dissent to the effect that the state should be re-oriented along ethnic lines is constrained to far-right and völkisch circles such as the PNOS and remains a fringe position (held by far below 1% of Swiss citizens) in direct opposition to the letter and spirit of the Swiss Constitution.〕 The number of Swiss nationals has grown from 1.7 million in 1815 to 6.76 million in 2009, 90% of them living in Switzerland. About 60% of those living abroad reside in the European Union (423,300); the largest group of Swiss descendants outside of Europe is in Canada (146,830). ==Ethno-linguistic composition== (詳細はAlemannic German, historically amalgamated from the Gallo-Roman population and the Alemanni and Burgundii, including subgroups such as the Walser. Closely related German-speaking peoples are the Alsatians, the Swabians and the Vorarlbergians. *the French-speaking Swiss (''Romands''), traditionally speaking Franco-Provençal dialects, today largely assimilated to the standard French language (Swiss French), amalgamated from the Gallo-Roman population and Burgundians (the historical Upper Burgundy). They are closely related to the French (especially those of Franche-Comté). *the Italian-speaking Swiss (''Svizzeri italiani''), traditionally speakers of Lombard language (Ticinese variety) today partly assimilated to the standard Italian language, amalgamated from Raetians and Lombards. They are closely related to the Italians (especially Lombards and Piedmontese). *The Romansh, speakers of the Romansh language, settling in parts of the Grisons, historically of Raetic stock. With worldwide human migration, there are an increasing number of Swiss not descended or only partially descended from the core ethnic groups listed above. Most naturalized Swiss citizens will be linguistically oriented according to their canton of residence. Similarly, differences between the various regions of Switzerland are increasingly being levelled as a consequence of increased mobility, so that the Swiss as a whole may be argued to be in the process of undergoing ethnogenesis. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Swiss people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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