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In theology, synergism is the position of those who hold that salvation involves some form of cooperation between divine grace and human freedom. It stands opposed to monergism, a doctrine most commonly associated with the Lutheran and Reformed Protestant traditions, whose soteriologies have been strongly influenced by the North African bishop and Latin Church Father Augustine of Hippo (354–430). Synergism is upheld by the Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, and by the Methodist and Pentecostal traditions of Protestantism. It is an integral part of Arminian theology. ==Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox theology== Synergism, the teaching that there is "a kind of interplay between human freedom and divine grace", is an important part of the salvation theology of the Roman Catholic Church,〔(Catechism of the Catholic Church, Reader's Guide to Themes (Burns & Oates 1999 ISBN 0-86012-366-9), p. 766 )〕 and also of the Eastern Orthodox Church: "To describe the relation between the grace of God and human freedom, Orthodoxy uses the term cooperation or synergy (''synergeia''); in Paul's words, 'We are fellow-workers (''synergoi'') with God' (1 Corinthians iii, 9). If we are to achieve full fellowship with God, we cannot do so without God's help, yet we must also play our own part: we humans as well as God must make our contribution to the common work, although what God does is of immeasurably greater importance than what we do."〔(Timothy Ware, ''The Orthodox Church'' (Penguin UK 1993 ISBN 978-0-14192500-4) )〕 These churches reject the notion of total depravity: they hold that, even after the Fall, man remains free, and human nature, though wounded in the natural powers proper to it, has not been totally corrupted.〔(Catechism of the Catholic Church, 405 )〕 In addition, they reject the idea that would "make everything the work of an all-powerful divine grace which arbitrarily selected some to be saved and some to be damned, so that we human beings had no freedom of choice about our eternal fate".〔(Glenn F. Chesnut, ''Changed by Grace'' (iUniverse 2006 ISBN 978-0-59585044-0), p. 145 )〕 They also teach that the ability of the human will to respond to divine grace is itself conferred by grace. "By the working of grace the Holy Spirit educates us in spiritual freedom in order to make us free collaborators in his work in the Church and in the world".〔(Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1742 )〕 "The preparation of man for the reception of grace is already a work of grace."〔(Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2001 )〕 "When Catholics say that persons 'cooperate' in preparing for and accepting justification by consenting to God's justifying action, they see such personal consent as itself an effect of grace, not as an action arising from innate human abilities."〔(Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification by the Lutheran World Federation and the Catholic Church )〕 "For the regenerated to do spiritual good — for the works of the believer being contributory to salvation and wrought by supernatural grace are properly called spiritual — it is necessary that he be guided and prevented () by grace."〔(Pan-Orthodox Synod of Jerusalem (1672), Decree 14 )〕 "When God touches man's heart through the illumination of the Holy Spirit, man himself is not inactive while receiving that inspiration, since he could reject it; and yet, without God's grace, he cannot by his own free will move himself toward justice in God's sight."〔(Council of Trent, quoted in Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1993 )〕 Arminian Protestants share this understanding of synergism, i.e., regeneration as the fruit of free will's cooperation with grace.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Synergism (theology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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