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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Synoeca ： ウィキペディア英語版 Synoeca ''Synoeca'' is a genus of eusocial paper wasps found in the Americas. Commonly known as warrior wasps or drumming wasps, these insects are known for aggressive behavior, a threat display consisting of multiple insects guarding a nest beating their wings〔Hogue, Charles Leonard. ''Latin American Insects and Entomology''. University of California Press, 1993. ISBN 0-520-07849-7〕 in a synchronized fashion, and an extremely painful sting. ''Synoeca'' is one of only three insect types (the others being the bullet ant and the tarantula hawk) to receive a rating of 4 or higher on insect sting pain indices such as the Schmidt sting pain index.〔Schmidt, J. O., Blum, M. S., and Overal, W. L. "Hemolytic activities of stinging insect venoms", Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 1:155–160, 1983.〕 ==Distribution and habitat== The genus has a wide range within the Americas, with specimens being found in the tropical and subtropical portions thereof. ''S. septentrionalis'' is generally found in the northern part of the range, having been observed as far north as Mexico, throughout Central America and northern South America; the southern part of its range extends into Brazil. The other species in the genus are predominantly found in South America, as far south as Argentina.〔Andena, Sergio R.; Carpenter, James M.; Noll, Fernando B. "(A phylogenetic analysis of Synoeca De Saussure, 1852, a neotropical genus of social wasps (hymenoptera: vespidae: epiponini) )". ''Entomologica Americana'' Jan 1 2009〕 ''Synoeca'' thrives in tropical rainforests, building arboreal nests in trees, typically on the underside of major branches. A single comb is built directly on the tree trunk; and the nests have a characteristic shape which resembles an armadillo, leading to common vernacular names such as marimbondo-tatu or armadillo wasp.〔Rodolpho S. T. Menezes, Sergio R. Andena, Antonio F. Carvalho, and Marco A. Costa "(First records of Synoeca septentrionalis Richards, 1978 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Epiponini) in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest )". ZooKeys, Dec 3. 2001〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Synoeca」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.