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Sōrin
The two types of pagoda finial (''sōrin''), in bronze ('' tahōtō'') and stone ('' hōkyōintō'')
The is the vertical shaft (finial) which tops a Japanese pagoda, whether made of stone or wood.〔Pagodas can be made of wood or stone, and the two types are very different. Stone pagodas like the ''hōkyōintō'' are always small compared to wooden ones (usually below three meters), and offer little or no usable space inside. For details, see the article ''Tō''〕 The ''sōrin'' of a wooden pagoda is usually made of bronze and can be over 10 meters tall. That of a stone pagoda is also of stone and less than a meter long. The ''sōrin'' is divided in several sections possessing a symbolic meaning and, as a whole, in turn itself represents a pagoda.
Although quintessentially Buddhist, in Japan pagodas and their ''sōrin'' can be found both at Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines. This is because until the Kami and Buddhas Separation Act of 1868 a Shinto shrine was normally also a Buddhist temple and vice versa. Itsukushima Shrine for example has one.
==Support system==
The ''sōrin'' is supported by a long shaft, often obtained by joining two or even three shorter ones, that runs to the base of the edifice. Although it is often believed that the pillar at the core of a Japanese pagoda is a device to strengthen it against earthquakes, its sole purpose is to support the long and heavy bronze ''sōrin''. In many cases the central shaft doesn't reach the ground, but has its base somewhere above it within the pagoda, where it is supported by beam or other means. At Nikkō Tōshōgū (1818), for example, it is suspended with chains from the fourth floor. From its base exits a long tenon which, penetrating a mortise in a , prevents it from oscillating. This structure was adopted not as a measure against earthquakes but because, with aging, the wood of the pagoda, whose grain is mostly horizontal, tends to shrink more than that of the vertical shaft, causing the opening of a gap between the two at the roof.〔 From the gap rain would enter, causing rot.
In other cases, this was done to allow the opening of a room at the ground floor and therefore create some usable space. (Early wooden pagodas had no usable space.)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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