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Sōshi-kaimei
Sōshi-kaimei (創氏改名) was a policy of pressuring Koreans under Japanese rule to adopt Japanese names. It consisted of two parts. Ordinance No. 19, issued in 1939, required ''sōshi'', literally "creation of a ; unlike Japan, Korea had not adopted the Western practice of universally using family names (see ).〔In Korean, the family name is called either ''seong'' (), ''ssi'' () or ''seongssi'' ().〕 Ordinance No. 20, issued in 1940, permitted ''kaimei'', change of one's given name; this was voluntary and the applicant was charged a fee.
These ordinances, issued by General Jirō Minami, Governor-General of Korea, effectively reversed an earlier government order which forbade Koreans to take up Japanese names. There are various explanations for the purpose of the ordinances.
== Order No. 124 ==
In 1909, the Korean Empire established a , starting the creation of a modern family registry system. With regard to the recording of details about women such as the father's surname, age, and connection to the registry holder, due to attention that needed to be given to avoiding conflict with Korean customs, the drafting of the law was not completed until April 1910, just before the annexation of Korea. By that time, a portion of Koreans had already registered Japanese-style names and the like, which generated confusion. As a result, on the basis of memoranda such as Order No. 124, "Document regarding name changes by Koreans"〔総督府令第124号「朝鮮人ノ姓名改称ニ関スル件」〕 issued by the Governor-General of Korea on November 11, 1911, the use by Koreans of "names which might be mistaken for those of native Japanese"〔Original quote: 「内地人ニ紛ハシキ姓名」〕 was no longer permitted, and strict controls were placed on the registration of Japanese-style names for newborn children. Additionally, Koreans who had registered Japanese-style names on there were required to revert to their original names.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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