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Anomalous pulmonary venous connection (or Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage or Anomalous pulmonary venous return〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Facts about Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return or TAPVR )〕) is a congenital defect of the pulmonary veins. ==Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection== ''Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection'', also known as ''total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage'' and ''total anomalous pulmonary venous return'', is a rare cyanotic congenital heart defect in which all four pulmonary veins are malpositioned and make anomalous connections to the systemic venous circulation. (Normally, pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium where it can then be pumped to the rest of the body). A patent foramen ovale or an atrial septal defect ''must'' be present, or else the condition is fatal due to a lack of systemic blood flow. In some cases, it can be detected prenatally. There are four variants: Supracardiac (50%): blood drains to one of the innominate veins (brachiocephalic veins) or the superior vena cava; Cardiac (20%), where blood drains into coronary sinus or directly into right atrium; Infradiaphragmatic (20%), where blood drains into portal or hepatic veins; and a mixed (10%) variant. TAPVC can occur with ''obstruction'', which occurs when the anomalous vein enters a vessel at an acute angle and can cause pulmonary venous hypertension and cyanosis because blood cannot enter the new vein as easily. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anomalous pulmonary venous connection」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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