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TFO (Télévision française de l'Ontario) is a publicly funded, French language educational television station and media organization serving the Canadian province of Ontario. It is owned by the Ontario French-language Educational Communications Authority (OTÉLFO), a crown corporation owned by the Government of Ontario and operating as GroupeMédia TFO. It is one of the few French-language broadcasters in Canada that is headquartered outside of Quebec. The network airs cultural programming, including blocks of French-language children's programs, along with original series, documentaries, and films. The network was first established in 1985 as La Chaîne Française, a spin-off of the provincial English-language public broadcaster TVOntario, later re-branding as TFO in 1995. The network operated under the auspices of TVO until 2007, when it was spun off into an autonomous agency.〔http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_08o10_e.htm〕 TFO is available on cable throughout Ontario, and all cable companies in the province are required to carry it on their basic tier.〔http://www.crtc.gc.ca/eng/archive/2007/db2007-230.htm〕〔http://laws.justice.gc.ca/eng/regulations/SOR-97-555/page-8.html#h-25〕 TFO is also carried nationally on Bell TV and Shaw Direct. The network previously broadcast over-the-air in some communities in Eastern and Northern Ontario with significant Franco-Ontarian populations; these transmitters ceased operations in 2012. ==History== In 1985, the Ontario Ministry of Municipal and Cultural Affairs, together with Communications Canada, approved the creation of an Ontario-based French-language educational television network. In 1986, the French-language network that had previously been part of TVOntario received its broadcast licence from the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). On January 1, 1987, this network was officially launched by the Ontario Educational Communications Authority under the name La Chaîne Française (primarily known on-air as La Chaîne). In 1995, La Chaîne was renamed TFO (short for Télévision française de l'Ontario). The company would remain a part of TVO until 2007, when it spun off to become independent of the Communications Authority. It is the only French-language television broadcaster in Canada headquartered outside of Quebec.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of Educational Broadcasting )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Historique )〕 Prior to the launch of La Chaîne, TVOntario broadcast French programming on Sundays from noon until sign-off.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History of Broadcasting Timeline )〕 For the first several years of La Chaîne's operations, this continued and La Chaîne broadcast English-language TVO programming during the same time block,〔"TVO launches new French network 'It is important that we guard against the ghettoization of French Ontario, its reduction to mere folklore'". ''The Globe and Mail'', December 31, 1986.〕 as La Chaîne was only available on cable and the government wanted to ensure that Franco-Ontarian viewers without cable still had access to a block of French-language programming,〔 while making English TVO programs available on La Chaîne for those who wanted them.〔 As transmitters were added in a number of French-speaking communities, the practice was eventually discontinued. In addition to being carried throughout Ontario on cable and via over-the-air transmitters in some communities, in October 1997 TFO began broadcasting in New Brunswick via select cable companies in that province. New Brunswick was the first jurisdiction other than Ontario to begin receiving TFO. TFO would later be broadcast into parts of Quebec as well.〔 In 1998, the station began broadcasting nationally via both national satellite companies, Bell ExpressVu and Star Choice, now known as Bell TV and Shaw Direct, respectively. In August 2008, Star Choice removed TFO from its lineup.〔(TFO n'est plus diffusé par Star Choice ) La Presse 2008-08-29 〕 In 1999, TFO's parent company at the time, The Ontario Educational Communications Authority, applied to the CRTC for mandatory carriage of TFO in the province of Quebec, in addition to a carriage fee, which other over-the-air services do not receive. However, the CRTC denied its application in March 2000.〔(Decision CRTC 2000-72 ) CRTC 2000-03-01〕 That year Jacques Bensimon, co-founder of the network and managing director of the network since 1986 (before it became its own channel), resigned from the position. Over his tenure he formed relationships between TFO and French-language networks in Europe, in order to share content. This included co-producing content with the BBC, France 2 and Channel 4 in the UK. As part of a restructuring of TVOntario announced by the McGuinty government on June 29, 2006,〔(TVOntario restructuring )〕 TFO was taken over by a new, separate provincial Crown corporation, the Ontario French-Language Educational Communications Authority (''Office des télécommunications éducatives de langue française de l’Ontario'' or ''OTÉLFO'')〔( TFO press release ), April 23, 2007 〕 in 2007, with separate management and its own budget. Although the licence transfer was not officially approved by the CRTC until June 28, 2007, TFO nonetheless announced its autonomy from TVOntario effective April 1.〔(TFO press release ), March 23, 2007 〕 GroupeMédia TFO is funded mainly by the Government of Ontario, through the Ministry of Education, with an annual budget of $31 million.〔http://www.fin.gov.on.ca/fr/budget/paccts/2011/11vol2afr.pdf〕 Additional contributions have been made by the Government of Manitoba since the channel was added to cable services in that province in 2010.〔("Official Launch of TFO in Manitoba" ). Government of Manitoba Francophone Affairs Secretariat and Bureau de l'éducation française, August 30, 2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「TFO」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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