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-----------> | image_skyline = Tabriz Mosaic Logo.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Clockwise from top: Skyline of the city, El-Gölü, Mausoleum of Poets, Bazaar of Tabriz, and the Tabriz Municipality Palace. | image_flag = | flag_size = | image_seal = Tabriz government logo.svg | seal_size = 80px | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Iran | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_mapsize = | coordinates_display = inline,title | coordinates_region = IR | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Iran | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = 3 | subdivision_type2 = Province | subdivision_name2 = East Azerbaijan Province | subdivision_type3 = County | subdivision_name3 = Tabriz County | subdivision_type4 = District | subdivision_name4 = Central | government_footnotes = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Sadegh Najafi-Khazarlou |established_title = |established_date = |leader_title1 = Chairman of City Council |leader_name1 = Shahram Dabiri |leader_title2 = Parliament |leader_name2 = Saeidi, Rahmani, Farhanghi, Romiani, Pezeshkian & Mondi | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 =324 | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_urban_km2 = 2356 | area_metro_km2 = | population_as_of = 2012 | population_footnotes = 〔(Population according to statistical center of Iran ) in Persian〕 | population_note = City & County | population_total = 1,549,453 & 1,695,094 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi = auto | population_metro = 1,800,000 | population_density_urban_km2 = | population_blank1_title = Rank | population_blank1 = 6th in Iran | population_demonym = Tabrizian, Təbrizli , Tabrizi | timezone = IRST | utc_offset = +3:30 | timezone_DST = IRDT | utc_offset_DST = +4:30 | latd = 38 |latm=04|lats=|latNS=N | longd = 46 |longm=18|longs=|longEW=E | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 1351.4 | elevation_ft = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 51368 | area_code = 041 | website = ( Tabriz municipality ) }} Tabriz ((アゼルバイジャン語:تبریز, Təbriz), (ペルシア語:تبریز)), is the most populated city in the northwest of Iran, one of the historical capitals of Iran, and the present capital of East Azerbaijan Province. Tabriz is located at an elevation of 1,350 meters above sea level in the Quru River valley between the long ridge of the volcanic cones of the Sahand and Eynali mountains. The valley opens up into a plain that gently slopes down to the eastern shores of Lake Urmia, to the west. With cold winters and temperate summers, the city is considered a summer resort. Tabriz has a population of 1,549,453. The population consists mostly of Iranian Azerbaijanis who speak the Azerbaijani language. It is a major heavy industry hub for automobile, machine tools, refineries and petrochemical, textile, and cement production industries. The city is famous for its handicrafts including hand-woven rugs and jewelry. It is known for locally made confectioneries, chocolates, dried nuts, and traditional food. Tabriz is also an academic hub and a site for some of the most prestigious academic and cultural institutes in the northwest of Iran. The city has a long and turbulent history with its oldest civilization sites dated back to 1,500 B.C. It contains many historical monuments representing the transition of Iranian architecture in its long historical timelines. Most of the preserved historical sites in the city belong to Ilkhanid (of Mongol Empire), Safavid, and Qajar area, among them is the grand Bazaar of Tabriz which is inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 2010. From the early modern era, the city was pivotal in the development, movement, and economy of three neighboring regions, namely that of the Caucasus, Eastern Anatolia, and central Iran.〔(''TABRIZ v. The city in the 19th century'', retrieved 25 May 2015 )〕 From the 19th century, it became the most important city in the country in numerous respects. As the closest Iranian hub to Europe, many aspects of the early modern modernisation in Iran started in Tabriz.〔 Prior to the forced ceding of Iran's Caucasian territories to Imperial Russia following the two Russo-Persian Wars of the first half of the 19th century, Tabriz was the main city in the implementation of Iranian rule for its Caucasian territories due to its proximity. During almost the entire Qajar period (up to 1925), it functioned as the seat for the crown prince as well. == Etymology == According to some sources,〔Gholam-Reza Sabri-Tabrizi. ''Iran: A Child's Story, a Man's Experience'', International Publishers Co., 1989, p. 72, ISBN 0-7178-0682-0〕 including ''Encyclopædia Britannica'',〔(Encyclopedia Britannica. "Tabriz", Online Edition, 2007 )〕 the name ''Tabriz'' derives from ''tap-riz'', from the many thermal springs in the area. Other sources〔"Tabrīz." Microsoft Encarta 2007 (). Redmond: Microsoft Corporation, 2006.〕〔Samuel Graham Wilson. ''Persian Life and Customs'', Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier, 1896, p.323〕 claim that in AD 246, to avenge his brother's death, king Khosrov I of Armenia defeated Ardashir I of the Sassanid Empire and changed the name of the city from Shahistan to Tauris, deriving from "''ta-vrezh''" ("this revenge" in Grabar). In AD 297, it became the capital of Tiridates III, king of Armenia.〔Edward Backhouse Eastwick. ''Journal of a Diplomate's Three Years' Residence in Persia'', Smith, Elder and Co., 1864, p. 327〕 However, this story has popular origin and no ancient source has recorded such event. This is based on accounts of Vardan, the Armenian historian in 14th century.〔V. Minorsky-(Bosworth ), Blair, Sheila S. (2009) "Tabriz" Encyclopedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tabriz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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