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is a term used in the Japanese theatrical form kabuki to refer to young adult male roles, and to the actors who play those roles. Though not all ''tachiyaku'' roles are heroes, the term does not encompass roles such as villains or comic figures, which form their own separate categories. The hero or chief protagonist of a kabuki play is nearly always a ''tachiyaku'' role, and the head of a troupe or acting family typically specializes in these roles. The term, which literally means "standing role", once was used to refer to all actors, to distinguish them from musicians and chanters, who were called .〔(立役 ) (''Tachiyaku''). ''Kabuki Jiten'' (歌舞伎事典, "Kabuki Encyclopedia"). 2001–2003: Japan Arts Council. Accessed 17 January 2009.〕 There are two main types of ''tachiyaku'' role: * ''Aragoto'': Most of the great heroes of the kabuki tradition are characters performed in the ''aragoto'' style. Their face makeup is white with bold red patterns, and their words and actions are likewise quite bold. It takes great training to create, and sustain, the loud and forceful voice of an ''aragoto'' character. The chief example of an ''aragoto'' role is that of Kamakura Gongorō Kagemasa in the famous play ''Shibaraku''.〔Cavaye, Ronald et al. ''A Guide to the Japanese Stage''. Tokyo: Kodansha, 2004. pp59–60.〕 * ''Wagoto'': ''Wagoto'' roles are softer, gentler, characters. A ''wagoto'' figure is often a companion to the chief ''aragoto'' role in the play, or a romantic character.〔 Abe Kiyoyuki in ''Narukami Fudō Kitayama Zakura'' and Yoshitsune in ''Kanjinchō'' are examples of ''wagoto'' roles. There are also a number of lesser categories of ''tachiyaku'' roles, including ''shinbōya'' (mild-mannered characters who are defined by their suffering great cruelty, usually at the hands of the play's villain) and ''sabakiyaku'' (level-headed, wise, and thoughtful characters, often serving as judges or the like). These are lesser roles, very rarely if ever serving as the chief protagonist or hero of a play.〔 While there are a number of ''onnagata'' (female role specialists) who are particularly famous, most of the other top actors of both past and present specialize(d) in ''tachiyaku'' roles. This includes the lineages of Ichikawa Danjūrō, Ichikawa Ebizō, Nakamura Kanzaburō, Onoe Kikugorō, and many others. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tachiyaku」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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