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Tadmur ((アラビア語:تدمر); also spelled Tadmor and Tudmur; in English known as Palmyra) is a city in central Syria, administratively part of the Homs Governorate. It is located in an oasis in the middle of the Syrian Desert northeast of Damascus〔(Syria uncovers 'largest church' ) BBC News Online, 14 November 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-16.〕 and southwest of the Euphrates River. The ruins of ancient Palmyra, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are situated about southwest of the modern city centre.〔 Relatively isolated, the nearest localities include Arak to the east, al-Sukhnah further to the northeast, Tiyas to the west and al-Qaryatayn to the southwest. Tadmur is the administrative center of the Tadmur District and the Tadmur Subdistrict. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the city had a population of 51,323 and the subdistrict a population of 55,062 in the 2004 census.〔(General Census of Population and Housing 2004 ). Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Homs Governorate. 〕 Tadmur's inhabitants were recorded to be Sunni Muslims in 1838.〔Smith, in Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Second appendix, B, p. (174 )〕 During the Syrian Civil War, the city's population significantly increased due to the influx of internally-displaced refugees from other parts of the country. ==Name== Both the ancient and modern cities are commonly known as Palmyra in English and other European languages. In Arabic, both cities are known as Tadmur. "Tadmur" is the Semitic and earliest attested native name of the city; it appeared in the first half of the second millennium BC. The etymology of "Tadmur" is vague; Albert Schultens considered it to be derived from the Semitic word for dates ("Tamar"), in reference to the palm trees that surround the city.〔 The name "Palmyra" appeared during the early first century AD,〔 in the works of Pliny the Elder, and was used throughout the Greco-Roman world.〔 The general view holds that "Palmyra" is derived from "Tadmur" either as an alteration, which was supported by Schultens,〔 or as a translation using the Greek word for palm ("palame"),〔 which is supported by Jean Starcky.〔 Michael Patrick O'Connor argued for a Hurrian origin of both "Palmyra" and "Tadmur",〔 citing the incapability of explaining the alterations to the theorized roots of both names, which are represented in the adding of a ''-d-'' to "Tamar" and a ''-ra-'' to "palame".〔 According to this theory, "Tadmur" is derived from the Hurrian word "tad", meaning "to love", + a typical Hurrian mid vowel rising (mVr) formant "mar". "Palmyra" is derived from the word "pal", meaning "to know", + the same mVr formant "mar".〔 According to the 13th century Syrian geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi, Tadmur was the name of the daughter of one of Noah's distant descendants and that she was buried in the city.〔 Le Strange, 1890, p. (541 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tadmur」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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